关键词: 马克思的共产主义学说, 共产主义经验基础, 私有财产, 资本和劳动的矛盾运动, 人学维度

Abstract:

In Economic & Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844（hereinafter referred to as the Manuscripts），Marx first elaborated
the communist theory systematically. In honor of the 170th anniversary of the publication of the Manuscripts，this paper analyzes
Marxist’s communist theory on private property and communism in the Notebook Ⅲ.In the Manuscripts，Marx pointed out
that his communist theory was based on the antithesis between capital and labor intrinsic to the private ownership. And based on
this，Marx systematically criticized previous communist theories and put forward his own communist theory that communism
is the active abandonment of private property，the alienation of human being. Based on the analysis，we explored the Marxist
theories in the Manuscripts and concluded that the human angle in the theories provides a philosophical support for construction
of harmonious society and the practice of the mass line.

Key words: Marxist communist theory, communist experimental basis, private property, antithesis of capital and labor,
human angle