Abstract: Case study reveals that deserted oil and gas wells have the risk of serious environment pollution which may result from improper well envelop，deliberate damage to the wells or illegal mining，and even natural influences.When environment damage is done by deserted oil and gas wells，concerning oil enterprises and government administration departments and relevant personnel must take corresponding civil，administrative and even criminal responsibilities.The fundamental solution to such problems is to take measures both from the technology and system sides so as to minimize the risk.

Key words: deserted oil and gas wells, environment damage, civil liability, administrative liability, criminal liability 