Abstract: With the strong influence of market economy and the flourishing of labor economy，village community is gradually collapsing and the endogenous rules become weak in maintaining the order of village. Governance ability of the village cadres is greatly weakened by rural taxation reform and corresponding reform of town and township system，so the village cadres is becoming more and more incapable of maintaining the order of village. In the posttaxation era，the severe differentiation of social economic status in rural areas does not result in moral decay and social turbulence，which is related to the existence and function of the rich and the middle peasants. Through the analysis and comparison of the differences in background，mechanism and the performance of village governing by middle peasants and by the rich，this paper indicates that middle peasants have more advantages in maintaining the stability of rural order，so middle peasants should be the major force of rural governance and they deserve policy support.

Key words: disintegration of endogenous rule, weakening of village’s governmental power, village order, village governing by middle peasant, village governing by the rich