超深层非均质低孔砂岩储层复杂流体识别方法

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2023.11.26.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔里木盆地库车拗陷博孜—大北地区白垩系巴什基奇克组埋藏深度超6 000 m，孔隙度主要分布在6%~9%，孔隙结构复杂、区域地层水矿化度及地应力变化大，导致气水层之间电阻率对比度低。利用阵列声波计算岩石力学参数以及中子密度曲线包络等非电法流体识别手段的适用性差。针对博孜—大北地区储层气水层电阻率对比度低的识别难题，开展区域地质特征精细分析，建立了分应力区精细孔隙度电阻率交会图、纯水层电阻率反演及邻近砂泥岩电阻率对比3种电法识别方法，同时引进二维核磁T₁-T₂交会图非电法识别方法，该套流体识别方法应用于博孜—大北地区探井跟踪解释后解释符合率提升16.7%，有效解决了研究区复杂地层条件导致的气水层电阻率对比度低的识别难题，为避免研究区油气层的漏失提供了有力技术手段，同时在新疆准噶尔南缘前陆盆地、华北油田河套盆地等国内超深致密砂岩储层具有重要的应用与推广意义。

关键词: 致密砂岩, 低孔隙度, 低对比度, 二维核磁, 识别方法

Abstract: The burial depth of Cretaceous Bashkirchik Formation in Bozi-Dabei area of Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin is more than 6 000 m, and the porosity is mainly distributed between 6%~9%. At the same time, the complex pore structure, significant changes in regional formation water mineralization and geostress result in low contrast in electrical resistivity between gas and water layers. The poor physical properties of the matrix result in poor applicability of non electrical fluid identification methods such as array acoustic rock mechanics parameters and neutron-density envelope. A detailed analysis of regional geological characteristics was conducted to address the identification problem of low contrast in gas and water layer resistivity in the Bozi-Dabei Region, and three electrical identification methods have been developed, including the precise establishment of porosity resistivity intersection diagram method in stress zones, pure water layer resistivity inversion method, and adjacent mudstone resistivity comparison method. At the same time, a non electrical identification method for two-dimensional nuclear magnetic T₁-T₂ intersection map that is not affected by the skeleton was introduced. This fluid identification method was applied to the tracking and interpretation of exploration wells in the Bozi-Dabei Area, interpretation coincidence rate increased by 16.7%, effectively solved the difficulty of fluid identification caused by low contrast of gas and water layer resistivity due to complex geological conditions in the Bozi-Dabei Region. It provides a powerful technical means to avoid oil and gas reservoir leakage in the study area. It has important application and popularization significance in the domestic ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs such as the southern margin foreland basin of Junggar, Xinjiang and Hetao Basin of Huabei Oilfield.

Key words: tight sandstone reservoir, poor porosity, low contrast reservoir, 2D NMR, identification method

中图分类号:

TE122

赵元良, 虞兵, 郭克才, 王美玲, 帅士辰. 超深层非均质低孔砂岩储层复杂流体识别方法[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 47(4): 10-22.

ZHAO Yuanliang, YU Bing, GUO Kecai, WANG Meiling, SHUAI Shichen. Complex Fluid Identification Method for Ultra Deep Heterogeneous Low Porosity Sandstone Reservoirs[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2025, 47(4): 10-22.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2023.11.26.01

http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/Y2025/V47/I4/10

参考文献

[1] YUE Wenzheng, TAO Guo. A new method for reservoir fluid identification[J]. Applied Geophysics, 2006, 3(2): 124-129.
[2] 张永军，顾定娜，马肃滨，等. 阵列声波测井资料在吐哈油田致密砂岩气层识别中的应用[J]. 测井技术， 2012， 36（2）:175-178. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1338.2012.02.013 ZHANG Yongjun, GU Dingna, MA Subin, et al. The application of array acoustic wave data to tight sandstone gas reservoir in Tuha Oilfield[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2012, 36(2): 175-178. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.10041338.2012.02.013
[3] 曾静波，万金彬，程道解，等. 岩石机械参数在致密砂岩流体识别中的应用[J]. 测井技术， 2016， 40（4）:477-480. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2016.04.018 ZENG Jingbo, WAN Jinbin, CHENG Daojie, et al. Application of petrophysical parameters to complex reservoir fluid identification[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2016, 40(4): 477-480. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.10041338.2016.04.018
[4] 王飞，杨小明，张永浩，等. 多算法协同分类在致密砂岩流体识别中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展， 2015， 30（6）:2785-2792. doi: 10.6038/pg20150643 WANG Fei, YANG Xiaoming, ZHANG Yonghao, et al. Application of multi-algorithmic fusion methods to fluid identity in tight sand reservoir[J]. Progresss in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2015, 30(6): 2785-2792. doi: 10.6038/pg20150643
[5] 白洋，谭茂金，肖承文，等. 致密砂岩气藏动态分类委员会机器测井流体识别方法[J]. 地球物理学报， 2021， 64（5）:1745-1758. doi: 10.6038/cjg2021O0311 BAI Yang, TAN Maijin, XIAO Chengwen, et al. Dynamic classification committee machine-based fluid typing method from wireline logs for tight sandstone gas reservoir[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2021, 64(5): 1745-1758. doi: 10.6038/cjg2021O0311
[6] 刘海洋，刘源，曾贵蓉，等. 吐哈盆地深层致密砂岩流体性质识别方法[J]. 天然气勘探与开发， 2023， 46（2）:110-117. doi: 10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2023.02.014 LIU Haiyang, LIU Yuan, ZENG Guirong, et al. Methods for identifying fluid properties of deep tight sandstones in Turpan-Hami Basin[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 2023, 46(2): 110-117. doi: 10.12055/gaskk.issn.1673-3177.2023.02.014
[7] 杨学文，王清华，李勇，等. 库车前陆冲断带博孜—大北万亿方大气区的形成机制[J]. 地学前缘， 2022， 29（6）:175-187. doi: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.8.18 YANG Xuewen, WANG Qinghua, LI Yong, et al. Formation mechanism of the Bozi-Dabei trilliong cubic natural gas filed, Kuqa forelang thrust belt[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(6): 175-187. doi: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.8.18
[8] 王志民，王翠丽，徐珂，等. 超深层致密砂岩构造裂缝发育特征及控制因素——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷博孜—大北地区下白垩统储集层为例[J]. 天然气地球科学， 2023， 34（9）:1535-1551. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.16721926.2023.05.006 WANG Zhimin, WANG Cuili, XU Ke, et al. Characteristics and controlling factors of tectonic fractures of ultra-deep tight sandstone: Case study of the Lower Cretaceous reservoir in Bozi-Dabei Area, Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2023, 34(9): 1535-1551. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2023.05.006
[9] 王刚，范昌育，李子龙，等. 强挤压型盆地最大埋深期泥岩压实重建及其油气地质意义——以库车前陆盆地为例[J]. 天然气工业， 2021， 41（10）:29-38. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.10.004 WANG Gang, FAN Changyu, LI Zilong, et al. Reconstruction of mudstone compaction in the maximum burial depth period of strongly compressional basin and its petroleum geological implications: Take the Kuqa foreland basin as an example[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(10): 29-38. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.10.004
[10] 马向东，张杨，范宜仁. 高邮凹陷低孔低渗油气藏测井储层参数计算[J]. 复杂油气藏， 2013， 6（2）:26-30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-4667.2013.02.008 MA Xiangdong, ZHANG Yang, FAN Yiren. Calculation of wireline logging reservoir parameters of low porosity and low permeability reservoir in Gaoyou Sag[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2013, 6(2): 26-30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-4667.2013.02.008
[11] 杨波，黄长兵，何岩，等. 一种基于PSO ELM的低渗透砂岩水淹层测井识别方法[J]. 断块油气田， 2024， 31（4）:645-651. doi: 10.6056/dkyqt202404010 YANG Bo, HUANG Changbing, HE Yan, et al. A logging identification method of water-flooded layer of low permeability sandstone basedon PSO-ELM[J]. FaultBlock Oil & Gas Field, 2024, 31(4): 645-651. doi: 10.6056/dkyqt202404010
[12] 陆云龙，崔云江，关叶钦，等. 基于阵列声波测井的裂缝有效性定量评价方法[J]. 测井技术， 2022， 46（1）:64-70. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2022.01.011 LU Yunlong, CUI Yunjiang, GUAN Yeqin, et al. Quantitative evaluation method of fracture effectiveness based on array acoustic logging[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2022, 46(1): 64-70. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2022.01.011
[13] 耿斌，周德志，王敏，等. 胜利油区储层测井评价技术发展及展望[J]. 油气地质与采收率， 2024， 31（4）:184-195. doi: 10.13673/j.pgre.202405014 GENG Bin, ZHOU Dezhi, WANG Min, et al. Development and prospects of logging evaluation technologies for reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2024, 31(4): 184-195. doi: 10.13673/j.pgre.202405014
[14] 王雷，周军，雷晓阳，等. MRT二维核磁共振测井方法及应用[J]. 测井技术， 2021， 45（4）:399-404. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2021.04.010 WANG Lei, ZHOU Jun, LEI Xiaoyang, et al. Method and application of MRT two dimensional NMR logging[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2021, 45(4): 399-404. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2021.04.010
[15] 韩闯，李纲，别康，等. 二维核磁共振T1-T2谱在风西复杂碳酸盐岩储层流体识别中的应用[J]. 测井技术， 2021， 45（1）:56-61. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.10041338.2021.01.010 HAN Chuang, LI Gang, BIE Kang, et al. Application of innovative T1-T2 fluid typing method in carbonate reservoir of Fengxi Block[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2021, 45(1): 56-61. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2021.01.010
[16] 白龙辉，柳波，迟亚奥，等. 二维核磁共振技术表征页岩所含流体特征的应用——以松辽盆地青山口组富有机质页岩为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质， 2021， 42（6）:1389-1399. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210613 BAI Longhui, LIU Bo, CHI Yaao, et al. 2D NMR studies of fluids in organic-rich shale from the Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(6): 1389-1399. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210613
[17] 宁从前，谭廷栋，李宁. 核磁共振测井在天然气勘探中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展， 2001， 16（2）:42-49. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2001.02.006 NING Congqian, TAN Tingdong, LI Ning. Application of nuclear magnetic resonance logging in natural gas detection[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2001, 16(2): 42-49. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2001.02.006
[18] 俞保财，任小锋，蔡芳，等. 二维核磁共振测井在致密碳酸盐岩储层中的应用[J]. 测井技术， 2020， 44（2）:186-191. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2020.02.015 YU Baocai, REN Xiaofeng, CAI Fang, et al. Application of 2D NMR log data in tight carbonate reservoirs[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2020, 44(2): 186-191. doi: 10.16489/j.issn.1004-1338.2020.02.015
[19] 刘忠华，李霞，赵文智，等. 核磁共振增强扩散方法在复杂储集层流体识别中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发， 2010， 37（6）:703-708. LIU Zhonghua, LI Xia, ZHAO Wenzhi, et al. Enhanced diffusion theory of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and its application to fluid identification of complex reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2010, 37(6): 703-708.
[20] 赵力彬，杨学君，昌伦杰，等. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深地区白垩系低孔砂岩储层“三重介质特征” [J]. 天然气地球科学， 2017， 28（2）:209-218. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.12.004 ZHAO Libin, YANG Xuejun, CHANG Lunjie, et al. Trimedia reservoir characteristic of fractured tight gas reservoir of Gasfield A, Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2017, 28(2): 209-218. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.12.004
[21] 宁从前，周明顺，成捷，等. 二维核磁共振测井在砂砾岩储层流体识别中的应用[J]. 岩性油气藏， 2021， 33（1）:267-274. doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20210125 NING Congqian, ZHOU Mingshun, CHENG Jie, et al. Application of 2D NMR logging in fluid identification of glutenite reservoir[J]. Litho-logic Reservoirs, 2021, 33(1): 267-274. doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20210125
[22] 佘刚，徐永发，李世毅，等. 二维核磁共振测井在柴达木盆地复杂储层流体识别中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展， 2018， 33（4）:1566-1572. doi: 10.6038/pg2018BB0324 SHE Gang, XU Yongfa, LI Shiyi, et al. Application of 2D NMR logging on complex reservoir fluid identification in Qaidam Basin[J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 2018, 33(4): 1566-1572. doi: 10.6038/pg2018BB0324
[23] 胡法龙，周灿灿，李潮流，等. 基于扩散弛豫的二维核磁共振测井流体识别方法研究[J]. 石油勘探与开发， 2012， 39（5）:552-558. HU Falong, ZHOU Cancan, LI Chaoliu, et al. Fluid identification method based on 2D diffusion-relaxation nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2012, 39(5): 552-558.
[24] 周凤鸣，司兆伟，马越蛟，等. 南堡凹陷低电阻率油气层综合识别方法[J]. 石油勘探与开发， 2008， 35（6）:680-684. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.2008.06.007 ZHOU Fengming, SI Zhaowei, MA Yuejiao, et al. Integrated identification method for low-resistivity hydrocarbon layers in Nanpu Sag[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2008, 35(6): 680-684. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.2008.06.007
[25] 罗利，王勇军，杨嘉，等. T2-D二维核磁共振测井评价在气水识别中的初步应用[J]. 测井技术， 2014， 38（5）:564-568. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1338.2014.05.012 LUO Li, WANG Yongjun, YANG Jia, et al. Preliminary evaluation of T2-D 2D NMR logging in the gas-water recognition[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2014, 38(5): 564-568. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1338.2014.05.012
[26] 谢然红，肖立志，邓克俊，等. 二维核磁共振测井[J]. 测井技术， 2005， 29（5）:430-434. XIE Ranhong, XIAO Lizhi, DENG Kejun, et al. Twodimensional NMR logging[J]. Well Logging Techology, 2005, 29(5): 430-434.