Abstract: The Amazon Basin is located in the interior part of northeast Brazil.It is an NEE trending elongate intracratonic basin，the basement is composed of Precambrian crystalline rocks，above the basement，paleozoic to cenozoic formations develop.The main play is developed in the Paleozoic.It is identified that the main source rocks are marine black shales which were deposited in the Devonian and the Silurian，which have excellent hydrocarbon generation potential.Carboniferous and Devonian sandstones provide the main reservoirs，and the seals are provided by the intraformational shales of the Paleozoic formations.Then，the upheaval of the basin and the fault zone provide the effective channel and the accumulation zone of the petroleum.Meanwhile，the main reasonable hydrocarbon direction in the basin is studied，and a more favorable exploration area and more scientific exploration strategy in Amazon Basin are determined.

Key words: Brazil, Amazon Basin, cratonic basin, reservoir-forming assemblages, oilfield exploration, petroleum geology property