西南石油大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 113-118.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5094.2018.06.11.03

• 理论探索 • 上一篇    

现代汉语框式结构“有X没X”的构式分析

陈伟   

  1. 上海外国语大学国际文化交流学院, 上海 虹口区 200083
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-11 出版日期:2018-09-01 发布日期:2018-09-01
  • 作者简介:陈伟(1988-),男(汉族),山东枣庄人,博士研究生,研究方向:现代汉语语法。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目“对外汉语教学语法大纲研制和教学参考语法书系”(17ZDA307);教育部人文社科一般项目“语言动态观下语法和修辞界面的同形结构研究”(15YJA740044);上海外国语大学重大规划项目“主要生源国学习者汉语学习与认知多角度研究”(KX1601045)。

An Analysis of Circum-construction of “you X mei X” in Modern Chinese

Chen Wei   

  1. School of Chinese Studies and Exchange, Shanghai International Studies University, Hongkou Shanghai, 200083, China
  • Received:2018-06-11 Online:2018-09-01 Published:2018-09-01

摘要: “有X没X”是现代汉语框式结构的一种较为典型的语法构式。当前,学界的研究大多是探究“有X没Y”的句法及语用表现,而对于变项“X”属同一形式的现象尚未涉及。通过外层的形式描写和深层的语义分析,鉴别“有X没X”常规和非常规的用法,指出客观叙述性和主观评价性是区别“有X没X”常规和非常规用法的主要方法。同时,利用句法功能的差异,描绘出现代汉语中“有X没X”所有类型的特点,即“有NP没NP”“有VP没VP”“有一Q没一Q”和“有的没的”4类情况的共性及个性。另外,深入诠释转指性和描述性语义特征的不同是“有X没X”常规和非常规用法区别的关键。

关键词: 现代汉语, “有X没X”, 框式结构, 句法功能, 语义功能

Abstract: The "you X mei X" construction is a typical circum-construction in modern Chinese. Through form and semantic analysis, this paper intends to distinguish the common and uncommon usage of this construction and finds out that the major distinction is whether this construction is used for objective description or for subjective judgement. And by analyzing the different syntactic functions,the author also explores the common feature and differences of all types of "you x mei x" construction in modern Chinese:"you NP mei NP", "you VP mei VP", "you yi Q mei yi Q", and "you de mei de". At the same time, the interpretation of the difference between the metaphorical and descriptive semantic features is the key to the distinction between regular and unconventional usage of "you X mei X".

Key words: modern Chinese, you X mei X”, circum-construction, syntactic function, semantic function

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