Abstract: New-quality productivity provides the core driving force for the construction of a modernized industrial system in answer to the practical demands of building a modernized economic system. Based on the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2023, this paper examines the effect of new-quality productivity on the construction of a modernized industrial system. The research finds that new-quality productivity has a positive empowering effect on the construction of a modernized industrial system, and new technological conditions and new resource allocation exert more significant empowering effects on the construction of a modernized industrial system; intellectual property protection and science and technology finance have played significant positive moderating roles in the process of new-quality productivity empowerment. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the empowering effect of new-quality productivity varies significantly among different levels of fiscal autonomy capacity, different levels of value chain climbing, different degrees of openness, and different regions. In light of this, it is necessary to develop new-quality productivity in a way that suits local conditions by strengthening intellectual property protection and promoting the development of science and technology finance so as to empower the construction of a modernized industrial system.

Key words: new-quality productivity, modernized industrial system, intellectual property protection, technology finance, digital economy