虚实之间：结构二重性视域下游戏场域社会资本的双向转化机制

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于吉登斯的结构二重性理论，运用参与式观察和深度访谈法，考察中国虚拟游戏场域中社会资本在虚实之间的双向转化机制。研究发现：第一，在结构与能动互构的框架下，玩家在受制于游戏技术架构与规则设定的同时，通过对虚拟身份流动性的运用，打破现实先赋身份的限制，实现了社会资本在数字场域的重新设计与重构。第二，中国游戏场域呈现出独特的本土化图景。基于微信/QQ的强关系平台嵌入实现了现实资本的直接平移，而基于儒家伦理的师徒制与面子竞争则在虚拟空间重构了拟亲缘社会资本。第三，批判性视角下，社会资本的转化过程并非中性的，而是加剧了游戏社群内部的权力不平等，表现为性别规范下女性玩家被物化的情感劳动剥削，以及受限于物质门槛的数字边缘者玩家在社会资本转化中遭遇的结构性排斥。文章由此突破了既有研究中社会资本单向转化的分析框架，将虚拟与现实置于持续互嵌的关系过程中加以考察，揭示社会资本跨场域流动、重组与再生产的机制，进而拓展了社会资本理论在中国数字社会情境中的解释边界。

关键词: 结构二重性, 网络游戏, 社会资本, 情感劳动, 虚实转化, 数字资本, 数字治理

Abstract: Drawing on Giddens's structuration theory, this study employs participant observation and in-depth interviews to examine the bidirectional transformation of social capital between virtual and real-world domains within China's virtual gaming fields. The findings are threefold. First, within the interplay between structure and agency, players are constrained by technological architectures and rule systems while utilizing the fluidity of virtual identities to break through the limitations of ascribed real-world identities, thereby achieving the redesign and reconstruction of social capital in the digital field. Second, China's gaming field exhibits distinctive localized landscape. The embedding of strong-tie platforms based on WeChat and QQ enables the direct transfer of real-world capital, while the master-apprentice system and face competition rooted in Confucian ethics facilitate the reconstruction of quasi-kinship social capital in virtual settings. Third, from a critical perspective, the transformation of social capital is not a neutral process; rather, it intensifies power inequalities within gaming communities. Such inequalities are manifested in the exploitation of female players' objectified emotional labor under gender norms, and the structural exclusion faced by digitally marginalized players constrained by material thresholds in their social capital transformation. By transcending the prevailing analytical framework that treats social capital transformation as a unidirectional process, this study situates the virtual and the real within a continuously inter-embedded relational process to reveal the mechanisms of cross-field flow, reorganization, and reproduction of social capital, and consequently extends the explanatory boundaries of social capital theory in the context of China's digital society.

Key words: Structuration, online games, social capital, emotional labor, virtual-real transformation, digital capital, digital governance

中图分类号:

C912

王文彬, 刘裕. 虚实之间：结构二重性视域下游戏场域社会资本的双向转化机制[J]. 西南石油大学学报(社会科学版), 2026, 28(4): 131-144.

WANG Wenbin, LIU Yu. Virtual-Real Transformation of Social Capital in Gaming Fields: A Structuration Perspective[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition), 2026, 28(4): 131-144.

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