Abstract: In essence, the modernization of government governance reflects its rational choice in social transformation, that is, the
modernization of government capabilities is achieved with the bridge of instrumental rationality and value rationality. This paper
analyzes the relationship between the modernization of government governance capacity and instrumental rationality and value
rationality, and finds that instrumental rationality is the precondition, while value rationality is the guarantee of the modernization of
government governance capability. It further points out that value rationality and instrumental rationality are the value demands of the
modernization of government governance capacity, reveals the problems that have to be solved during the process of its transformation,
and accordingly puts forward some suggestions for further reference.