大理大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (12): 47-52.

• 生命科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

播期对洱海流域玉米产量和氮磷养分利用的影响

  

  1. (大理大学农学与生物科学学院,云南大理 671003

  • 收稿日期:2022-04-18 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 胡小康,副教授,博士,E-mail:huxiaokangliu@dali.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:陆佳,硕士研究生,主要从事生态学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41963007);云南省地方本科高校(部分)基础研究联合专项资金项目(2019FH001-105)

Effects of Sowing Date on the Yield and the Utilization of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrients of Maize in Erhai Lake Watershed

  1. College of Agriculture and Biology Science Dali University Dali Yunnan 671003 China

  • Received:2022-04-18 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-15

摘要: 目的:探讨2个玉米品种在洱海流域的适宜播期,为区域玉米生产提供指导。方法:通过田间实验,以“先玉335”和“郑单958”2个玉米品种为研究对象,设置2个播期处理。结果:2个品种产量最高的均为6月播种的处理,其中“先玉335”的产量为16 580 kg/hm2,“郑单958”的产量为15 706 kg/hm2,二者的产量均高于当前洱海流域其他玉米品种。将播期推迟至7月,“先玉335”产量下降36.4%,地上部吸氮量和吸磷量分别下降52.1%和46.4%。播期对“郑单958”的影响不显著。结论:引种“先玉335”和“郑单958”并在6月播种,有助于提升研究区域玉米产量,同时促进玉米对养分的吸收利用。从减少氮肥投入及提高氮肥利用效率的角度,“先玉335”是更好的选择。

关键词: 玉米, 播期, 产量, 氮利用效率, 磷利用效率

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the suitable sowing date of two maize varieties in Erhai Lake watershed and to provide guidance for maize production in this region. Methods Through field experiment two maize varieties "Xianyu 335" and "Zhengdan 958" were selected as the research objects and two sowing dates were set. Results The highest yield of the two varieties were sown in June of which the yield of "Xianyu 335" and "Zhengdan 958" were 16 580 kg/hm2 and 15 706 kg/hm2 respectively which were higher than those of other maize varieties sown in Erhai Lake watershed. When the sowing date was postponed to July the yield of "Xianyu 335" decreased by 36.4% and the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of the aboveground part decreased by 52.1% and 46.4% respectively. The sowing date had no significant effect on "Zhengdan 958". ConclusionThe introduction of "Xianyu 335" and "Zhengdan 958" and their sowing in June will help to increase the yield of maize in the study area and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by maize. From the perspective of reducing nitrogen fertilizer input and improving nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency "Xianyu 335" is a better choice.

Key words: maize, sowing date, yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency, phosphorus utilization efficiency

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