大理大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (2): 31-36.DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2026. 02. 005

• 基础医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南人群血清SARS-CoV-2 交叉反应抗体水平及其作用研究

王 阳,尚方建,杨曼清,单 静,刘 奇*   

  1. (大理大学基础医学院,云南大理 671000)
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-08 修回日期:2024-11-18 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘奇,教授,博士,E-mail:Qiliu@aliyun.com。
  • 作者简介:王阳,硕士研究生,主要从事病毒感染与免疫研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81660337);大理大学科研发展基金项目(FZ2023ZD029)

Levels and Functional Effects of Cross-Reactive Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the Yunnan Population

Wang Yang, Shang Fangjian, Yang Manqing, Shan Jing, Liu Qi*   

  1. (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China)
  • Received:2024-11-08 Revised:2024-11-18 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-03-18

摘要: 目的:探讨云南人群血清中SARS-CoV-2交叉反应抗体水平及其在SARS-CoV-2早期流行中的作用。方法:采用间接
ELISA检测2019年1月至2020年6月采集的1 907份云南人群血清中针对SARS-CoV-2 S、S1及RBD蛋白的交叉反应抗体阳
性率,并结合性别、年龄、民族及地区等因素进行分层分析,进一步通过细胞融合模型评价抗体对SARS-CoV-2感染的影响。
结果:云南人群中S蛋白、S1蛋白和RBD蛋白交叉反应抗体阳性率分别为16.68%、10.75%和1.26%。不同年龄3种抗体阳性率
差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)、城乡人群及不同民族人群部分抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在功能实验中,
76.80%的阳性血清对细胞融合无明显影响,21.87%可促进融合,1.33%表现为抑制作用,且具有促进作用的血清P/N 值相对较
高。结论:云南人群中普遍存在针对SARS-CoV-2的交叉反应抗体,其中部分抗体可能具有促进病毒感染的潜在能力,提示其
在新发冠状病毒感染风险评估和防控策略制定中具有重要参考价值。

关键词: SARS-CoV-2, 交叉反应抗体, 抗体依赖性增强, ELISA, 云南人群

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the levels of cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the Yunnan population and their
potential role during the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 circulation. Methods: Indirect ELISA was used to detect the positive rates of
cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S, S1, and RBD proteins in 1 907 serum samples collected between January 2019 and
June 2020. Stratified analyzes were conducted according to sex, age, ethnicity, and region. A cell fusion model was employed to
evaluate the functional effects of antibodies on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: The seropositivity rates of cross-reactive antibodies
against S, S1, and RBD proteins were 16.68%, 10.75%, and 1.26%, respectively. Significant differences were observed among age
groups (P<0.001), and partial differences were found between urban and rural populations and among ethnic groups (P<0.05).
Functional assays showed that 76.80% of positive sera had no obvious effect on cell fusion, 21.87% enhanced fusion, and 1.33% inhibited
fusion. Sera with enhancement effects exhibited relatively higher P/N values. Conclusion: Cross-reactive antibodies against
SARS-CoV-2 are prevalent in the Yunnan population, and a subset may possess potential infection-enhancing activity, highlighting
their relevance in risk assessment and prevention strategies for emerging coronavirus infections.

Key words: SARS-CoV-2, cross-reactive antibody, antibody dependent enhancement, ELISA, Yunnan population

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