Abstract:

It is urgently required for the development of water conservancy because the ecological environment of the Yunnan Plateau has damaged continuously with the disasters like flood and drought during the period of the Republic of China. With the adjustment of the water resources institutions, the enactment and amendment of the policies of water resources, broader financing channels for water sources, and the application of modern technologies, some conservancy projects such as hydroelectric power station, mechanical irrigation, large reservoirs, dredge of canals and tap water supplies were constructed on Yunnan Plateau in the period of the Republic of China. These water conservancy projects did not only change the situation and function of themselves and improve the quality of
production and people's life, but also relieved the ecological disasters such as soil and water loss and mountain landslide. However, it caused the degradation of ecological environment directly or indirectly. The development of water conservancy can curb the deterioration of the ecological environment only under the guidance of the ecological civilization.

Key words: the period of the Republic of China, Yunnan Plateau, water resources development, ecology environment