西南石油大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2013, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (5): 100-104.DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5094.2013.05.019

• 哲学 史学与文学 • 上一篇    下一篇

论中古汉语新生连词“将”

潘志刚   

  1. 江西农业大学人文与公共管理学院,江西 南昌 330045
  • 出版日期:2013-09-01 发布日期:2013-09-01

On the Conjunction “Jiang” in Ancient Chinese
  

PAN Zhi-gang   

  1. School of Humanities and Public Administration,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045,China
  • Online:2013-09-01 Published:2013-09-01

摘要:

中古汉语的“将”可以用作表示并列关系的连词,“将”的这一新兴用法是由“将”的动词用法语法化而来。表示“引领、带领”义的动词“将”在诗歌语言中常处于两个名词之间,后面还有动作义更强的谓语动词,因此“将”的动词义逐渐弱化,经过重新分析,“将”就由动词语法化为连词。在诗歌创作中,此时的文人因创新的驱动经常有意识地把“将”跟并列连词“与”对举,从而强化了“将”在诗歌创作中的并列连词用法。然而,“将”在中古汉语时期主要还是用作动词、副词,因此,“将”的并列连词用法并未居于强势地位,这样,在跟其他常用的并列连词的竞争中,并列连词“将”就逐渐成为连词范畴的边缘成分,最终导致其在近代汉语时期消亡。

关键词: 中古汉语;连词;&ldquo, 将&rdquo, ;语法化;重新分析 ,
 

Abstract:

Coordinate conjunction “jiang” in ancient Chinese originated from its verb usage by grammaticalization. The verb “jiang”,which means “lead or guide”,was between two nouns in the language of poetry,and was often followed by a stronger action verb. Therefore,the action meaning of the verb “jiang” would gradually weaken and in the end was grammaticalized into a coordinate conjunction by reanalysis. Poets then would consciously use the coordinate conjunction “jiang” with “yu” at the same time due to the innovative drive,so the use of “jiang” as a coordinate conjunction was enhanced in poetry writing. However,“jiang” was mainly used as a verb and adverb in ancient Chinese. Therefore,the coordinate conjunction usage of “jiang” did not take a dominant position. So in competition with other commonly used coordinate conjunctions,coordinate conjunction “jiang” gradually became a marginal component of the conjunction category,and eventually died out in modern Chinese.

Key words: ancient Chinese;conjunction;&ldquo, jiang&rdquo, ;grammaticalization;reanalysis.