西南石油大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 37-52.

• 经济与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

人口老龄化影响中国产业结构升级的作用机制研究

邵红梅1, 丁洪宇1, 李通屏1, 段平忠2   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院, 湖北 武汉 430074;
    2. 中国地质大学(武汉)公共管理学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
  • 发布日期:2025-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 李通屏,中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院教授,博士生导师,研究方向:人口与劳动经济学。
  • 作者简介:邵红梅,中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院讲师,博士,研究方向:人口、资源与环境经济学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目“异质人力资本集聚对经济高质量发展的影响研究”(22BRK001);中国地质大学(武汉)教学实验室开放基金项目“区域人口增减分化的特征识别和经济效应研究”(SKJ2024167)。

Influence Mechanism of the Population Aging on Industrial Structure Upgrading in China

SHAO Hongmei1, DING Hongyu1, LI Tongping1, DUAN Pingzhong2   

  1. 1. China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), School of Economics and Management, WuhanHubei, 430074, China;
    2. China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), School of Public Administration, WuhanHubei, 430074, China
  • Published:2025-06-06

摘要: 在人口老龄化背景下,持续推进产业结构升级是实现高质量发展的重要途径。使用1998—2022年期间的省级面板数据研究人口老龄化对我国产业结构升级的影响,结果发现:人口老龄化会在其初期通过虹吸效应对邻近地区的产业结构升级产生显著的负面影响,进而导致人口老龄化对产业结构升级的间接效应和总效应均呈现出显著的U型非线性特征;人口老龄化通过提升消费结构、扩大消费规模和促进人力资本积累对产业结构升级形成正向影响,但也通过引发投资下降、劳动力供给短缺和劳动生产率增长放缓而对产业结构升级形成阻滞效应;人口老龄化程度较深的地区通过促进消费和提升人力资本水平,已经显著推动产业结构升级。为了有效发挥人口老龄化对区域产业结构升级的积极作用,政府应扎实推进区域协调发展,努力提升消费结构、扩大消费规模,持续促进人力资本积累。

关键词: 人口老龄化, 人口红利, 产业结构, 消费结构, 高质量发展, 新质生产力

Abstract: the Continuous promotion of industrial structure upgrading is an important way to achieve high-quality development in the context of population aging.Using provincial panel data from 1998 to 2022, we study the impact of population aging on China's industrial structure upgrading, and the find out that: population aging will have a significant negative impact on the industrial structure upgrading of the neighboring regions in the early stage due to the "siphon effect" , which leads to significant "U" non-linear characteristics of the indirect and total effects of population aging on industrial structure upgrading ; population aging positively affects industrial structure upgrading by improving consumption structure, expanding consumption scale, and promoting human capital accumulation. However, it also has a blocking effect on industrial structure upgrading by triggering investment decline, labor supply shortage, and labor productivity growth slowdown; regions with a deeper degree of population aging have significantly promoted industrial structure upgrading by promoting consumption and improving human capital levels. In order for population aging to play a positive role in population aging on the upgrading of the regional industrial structure, the Government should solidly promote coordinated regional development, strive to upgrade the consumption structure and expand the scale of consumption, and continue to promote the accumulation of human capital.

Key words: population aging, demographic dividend, industrial structure, consumption structure, high-quality development, new quality productivity

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