育儿对已婚女性就业的影响——基于代际分担的调节效用

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5094.2019.10.11.03

西南石油大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 26-33.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5094.2019.10.11.03

育儿对已婚女性就业的影响——基于代际分担的调节效用

赵锋, 张增敏, 陈增贤

兰州财经大学经济学院, 甘肃兰州 730020

收稿日期:2019-10-11 出版日期:2020-01-01 发布日期:2020-01-01
通讯作者: 张增敏(1994-),女(汉族),山西汾阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向:人口经济与区域发展。
作者简介:赵锋(1973-),男(汉族),甘肃庆阳人,教授,博士,研究方向:人口经济与区域发展。
基金资助:
甘肃省自然科学基金项目“甘肃经济增长的结构效应：基于全要素生产率视角的分析”（18JR3RA212）；兰州财经大学丝绸之路经济研究院重点项目“绿色丝绸之路经济带建设的合作机制研究”（JYYZ201702）。

The Influence of Parenting on Women's Employment——An Analysis on the Regulating Utility of Intergenerational Sharing

Zhao Feng, Zhang Zengmin, Chen Zhengxian

School of Economics, Lanzhou University of Finance & Economics, Lanzhou Gansu, 730020, China

Received:2019-10-11 Online:2020-01-01 Published:2020-01-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着女性职业社会化，育儿对已婚女性就业的影响日益凸显，全面二孩政策更使得已婚女性面临着育儿和工作的双重压力。以2015年CGSS微观数据为基础，从家庭视角检视育儿、代际分担对已婚女性就业的影响，结果显示：对于6岁以下的幼儿而言，母亲仍是主要的照料者，育儿对于已婚女性就业有显著的负向影响；代际分担对育儿具有负向调节作用，可以在一定程度上减轻育儿对女性就业的负向影响；育儿对已婚女性就业的影响存在城乡差异，对城镇已婚女性的影响明显大于农村已婚女性。国家和社会应通过发展公共托幼服务、鼓励家庭代际分担等路径，帮助已婚女性平衡育儿与工作之间的关系，进一步推进已婚女性充分就业。

关键词: 已婚女性, 女性就业, 育儿, 代际分担, 性别红利

Abstract: The implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy has confronted women with the dual pressures of parenting and work. Dealing with the relationship between parenting and work helps to achieve full employment for women and allows gender dividend to play a positive role in economic growth. This article applies the 2015 CGSS microdata to the empirical test on the impact of parenting and intergenerational sharing in child caring on the employment of married women. The results show that parenting has a negative impact on women's employment. Intergenerational sharing has a negative adjustment effect on parenting. When living together, parents(in-laws) will assist women in children caring, and to some extent reduce the negative impact of parenting on women's employment. And the influence of parenting on women's employment is greater in urban areas than in rural areas. We suggest the whole society should value the contribution of women in population growth and employment, and help women strike a balance between child caring and work so as to promote women's full employment by improving public childcare services, encouraging sharing of child caring work between family generations.

Key words: married women, female employment, parenting, intergenerational sharing, gender dividend

中图分类号:

赵锋, 张增敏, 陈增贤. 育儿对已婚女性就业的影响——基于代际分担的调节效用[J]. 西南石油大学学报(社会科学版), 2020, 22(1): 26-33.

Zhao Feng, Zhang Zengmin, Chen Zhengxian. The Influence of Parenting on Women's Employment——An Analysis on the Regulating Utility of Intergenerational Sharing[J]. 西南石油大学学报(社会科学版), 2020, 22(1): 26-33.

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育儿对已婚女性就业的影响——基于代际分担的调节效用

The Influence of Parenting on Women's Employment——An Analysis on the Regulating Utility of Intergenerational Sharing

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