Abstract: Based on criticism of national idealism and political liberalism, and on the basis on the thoughts of former philosophers, Marx and Engels formed the community thought of historical materialism. In The $German$ $Ideology$, Marx and Engels, focusing on the relationship between different communities and individuals in history, carried out a theoretical construction of the “real community” for the free development of human being through a historical analysis of the “naturally formed community” and “illusory community”, and revealed the historical inevitability of communism replacing capitalism. The community thought which contains their pursuit of the free and comprehensive development of human being, has laid a solid foundation for deepening historical materialism and human development theory, provided ideological guidance for building a community of human destiny and a community of the Chinese nation, and pointed out a new direction for dealing with the alienation of the relationship between individuals and the community caused by modernity.

Key words: $The$ $German$ $Ideology$, community thought, the community for the Chinese nation, a community with a shared future for mankind, free and comprehensive development of human being