Abstract: The process of promoting data openness inevitably poses potential risks to personal information rights and interests as the government holds vast amounts of public data resources despite its positive role in advancing social development. The principle of proportionality, as an imperial rule for achieving balance of interests, has important significance in filling legal loopholes, balancing public interests and personal information rights, and improving the mechanism for protecting personal information rights. Due to the harm of open procedures, insufficient applicability of informed consent rules, outdated technology for personal information anonymization, and conflicts between public interests and personal information rights in the protection of citizens' personal information in government data openness, the spirit and requirements of proportionality principle should be followed to review the legitimacy, appropriateness, necessity, and balance of the application of government data openness procedures. Through ensuring government compliance in processing personal data, improving the rules for informed consent of personal information, strengthening the technical means of government data openness, and establishing a full-cycle oversight system for personal information protection in government data openness, the balanced development of public interests and citizens' personal information rights can be achieved, and personal information rights in government data openness be protected.

Key words: personal information protection, government data openness, principle of proportionality, balancing of interest, grassroots governance, data governance