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    20 October 2010, Volume 32 Issue 5
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    地质勘探
    DATUM CORRECTION BASED ON GLOBAL WAVEFIELD CONTINUATION
    LIU Wen-ge
    2010, 32(5):  1-8.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.001
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    In this paper,a new solution to the near-surface problem-the datum correcting method based on the global wavefield continuation is presented.According to the mutual exchange principle of the earthquake theory and the observed surface settlement concept,the treatment of shotpoint and geophone station will be combined during the datum correcting process.The global continuation of the single wavefield will be achieved by the double square root operator in shotpoint-offset domain.At last,the wavefield vale of the target depth is extracted and the reference surface is redefined.The trial calculated results show that the datum correction based on global wavefield continuation is effective.
    THE TYPES AND RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS OF GLUTENITE IN THE UPPER ES4 MEMBER OF SHENGTUO AREA
    LIU Hui;CAO Ying-chang;YUAN Jing;WANG Sheng-lan
    2010, 32(5):  15-15.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.002
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    The sedimentary characteristics,genetic types and reservoir characteristics of glutenite in upper Es4 member of Shengtuo area in Dongying Depression have been studied based on the seismic data,well logging data,core data,thin section and grain size data.The compositional maturity and textural maturity of glutenite are relatively lower in this area.The types of granularity probability accumulation curve include upward shape,two low gradient sections shape and several low gradient sections shape and so on.And the sedimentary structures which can inflect the gravity flow such as slump structure,load cast and flame structure are very common in the glutenite of upper Es4 member in Shengtuo area.The main genetic types of glutenite include nearshore subaqueous fan,sublacustrine fan and channel turbidite.The physical properties of braided channel sandbodies of nearshore subaqueous fan and sublacustrine fan are the best.Their reservoir pore spaces are mainly the secondary pores and fractures,and the middle pore with middle-slender throat is the main pore structure type of glutenite.
    NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION PROSPECTS OF SIMIAN SYSTEM DENGYING FORMATION IN THE FRONT AREA OF MICANG MOUNTAIN
    DAI Han-song;LIU Shu-gen;SUN Wei;ZHANG Zhi-jing;HUANG Yao-zong
    2010, 32(5):  16-26.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.003
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    According to the detailed investigation of bitumen content in the outcrops of upper Sinian Dengying formation around the Micang Mountain,this paper has confirmed the possibility of early oil-gas accumulation in Dengying formation.It is pointed out that there used to be large scale of paleo-oil pool.Depending on the information of petrology，geochemistry and geophysics,this paper has analyzed the static condition for hydrocarbon accumulation,such as source rock,reservoir rock and cap rock .On the basis of Micang Mountain structural evolution,we also analyzed the evolution process of the trap and preserving condition,and suggested that the four centers(petroleum generative center,natural gas generative center,gas storing center,gas preserving center) for hydrocarbon accumulation in study area are all in the same place.This is very favorable for natural gas maintenance,and the Dengying formation in the area has good prospect for gas exploration.
    THE STUDY OF CARBONATE RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS AND FAILURE WELL IN WEST LUNGU REGION,TARIM BASIN
    MENG Shu-cui;;ZHU Guang-you;JIN Qiang;ZHANG Shui-chang;HU Jian-feng
    2010, 32(5):  27-35.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.004
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    In this paper,the Ordovician weathering crust reservoir in west Lungu region of Tarim Basin is taken as an example.Through the systematic analysis of geological,seismic,logging,and geochemical data derived from more than 20 exploration wells,the carbonate reservoir characteristics and accumulation features of west Lunnan region are studied,and then,the reasons leading to exploration failure are discussed by detailed analysis on the wells.The study shows that in west Lungu region,the Ordovician Yingshan Group is demonstrated as the main oil-bearing formation,in which hydrocarbons are distributed within 180m beneath the weathering crust surface.The reservoir space here mainly includes intergranular pore,intragranular pore,structural fractures and corroded fissures.Hydrocarbons are initially charged and accumulated here as a reservoir in late Hercynian period,then undergone an intense biodegradation due to tectonic uplift,which lead to the characteristics of high density,high viscosity,high-quality asphalt,high wax,high sulfur and low saturated /aromatic of the petroleum.The failure of those wells can be generally summarized as: strong carbonate reservoir heterogeneity,ascertainment of traps and complex distribution of oil-water in the karst fracture-cave system,accuracy of seismic interpretation,etc.The palaeogeomorphology,karst reservoir and fault are critical factors for oil and gas accumulations,high petroleum production usually occurs near discordogenic fault where the fracture and cave are well developed.Therefore,deeper drillings are suggested to be performed in this zone in future.
    THE TECTONIC DEFORMATION FEATURES AND THE EVALUATION OF THE FAVORABLE REGION FOR HYDROCARBON CONSERVATION
    WANG Peng-wan;XU Zheng-yu;CHEN Zi-liao;TIAN Ji-qiang;DONG Yong
    2010, 32(5):  36-40.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.005
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    Southern Guizhou Depression has experienced three basin ages,which are Proto-Tethys,Pateo-Tethys and Neo-Tethys.According to the lithologic sequence,structure style and stratigraphic contact,the sediment cover is divided into three structural layers and the building units are redistributed.According to the feature of the faults and divergences of the tectonization in different part of the depression,it is divided into imbricate thrusting distorted area and fold thrust distorted area.Based on field geologic survey,earth physical data and the evaluation of the intensity of ectonization in the building units,the Changshun sag is optimized as the beneficial structure petroleum preservation area.Considering the geologic condition,it can be concluded that the Changshun sag is the exploration prospect area of the Southern Guizhou Depression.
    THE PATTERN OF HYDROCARBON DISTRIBUTION AND HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION MODEL IN THE SOUTH OF LIXIAN SLOPE
    YANG Fan;YU Xing-he;LI Sheng-li;ZHANG Feng;REN Xiao-jun
    2010, 32(5):  41-46.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.006
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    The exploration degree in middle-south part of Lixian Slope is relatively low,making the hydrocarbon distribution pattern and hydrocarbon accumulation model of the known reservoirs unclear.It is assumed that the hydrocarbon accumulation model is mainly “stepped-like”,but this model conflicts with the distribution of reservoir.Through comprehensive study of faults activity phases and depositional system,we conclude that the late developed and late ended faults control the vertical migration path,while connected sand bodies provide lateral migration path for oil and gas.Combining the distribution of known reservoirs and research of oil-source correlation,we find that the hydrocarbon accumulation model in middle south part of Lixian Slope is characterized by dual source,long distant migration,multi- oil-bearing zone and shallow formation parallel migration.This model provides the direction and clue for further exploration and development,which is “based on shallow formation;finding subtle structure trap by finely seismic interpretation and determining sedimentary micro-facies accurately.”
    FAULT SEALING ABILITY AND HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION OF THE LOWER MEMBER OF GUANTAO FORMATION IN SOUTHWEST GUDAO OILFIELD
    WANG Jiao;;SHU Qing-lin
    2010, 32(5):  47-53.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.007
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    The analysis of oil sources shows that the crude oil of the lower members of Guantao Formation in southwest Gudao Oilfield are mainly from the source rock of Sha-3 member in Gunan sag.The pool types of oil reservior are mainly structure reservior.The main controlling factor of the formation of southwest Gudao Oilfield reservoir is the fault sealing ability.The study on fault sealing ability indicates that the fault sealing of Lower-member 7-8 Guantao Formation is good and is favorable for the formation of reservoirs.While the fault sealing of Lower-member 9-11 Guantao Formation is bad and can be used as the transportation passage of oil and gas.The oil-forming model of the studied area can be summed as Bonan fault terrace transportation and,fault-sealing pool-forming models.Fault block reservoirs and antithetic dragged anticline structure reservoir will be the next important exploration direction.The development effect of this model is very good， and the good development prospect of Guantao Formation in southwest Gudao Oilfield is demonstrated.
    THE TECHNIQUE AND APPLICATION ON THE COMPREHENSIVE RECOGNITION METHOD OF LOW-ORDER FAULT IN DEEP RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT STAGE
    ZHAO Hong-bing;YAN Ke;
    2010, 32(5):  54-57.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.008
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    JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY(SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITION)，VOL.32，NO.5,54-57,2010（ISSN 1674-5086，in Chinese）
    Abstract：The low-order fault has great influence on the distribution of remaining oil and the exploitation effectiveness of water drive reservoir in deep development stage.This paper takes Es2(1-3) sand sets of district one in Shengtuo Oilfield for example,which is a faulted anticline reservoir.The distribution model of low-order fault is built to improve the geologic model by 3D seismic interpretation,multi-well strata correlation in close spacing and dynamic analysis of reservoir.The study shows that the low-order fault model needs to be updated with the raising of data occupancy in deep development stage.Limited by the data discernibility and fault dimension,the 3D seismic interpretation is suitable for the identification and rebuilding of the fourth order fault,while the multi-well strata correlation in close spacing is suitable to describe the fifth order fault，and the dynamic analysis is a very important measure to verify the seismic and geologic research results.


    COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF VOLCANIC RESERVOIR BASED ON FMI AND ECS
    WANG Zhi;JIN Li-xin;GUAN Qiang;YANG Lei;WU Jin-long
    2010, 32(5):  58-64.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.009
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    JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY(SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITION)，VOL.32，NO.5,58-64,2010（ISSN 1674-5086，in Chinese）
    Abstract：Evaluation of volcanic reservoirs in Junggar Basin is very complex.On one hand,the limitation of lithology identification based on single logging data is more and more obvious.On the other hand,the evaluation of fractures and pores based on conventional logs is unstable.Based on the calibration with core data,lithology can be identified according to different structures and chemical contents combining FMI with ECS data.Hence,the eruption cycle can be classified,fractures can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively,and pore structure can be characterized.The method which combines FMI and ECS has shown its unique advantages in volcanic reservoir evaluation and has achieved great success in Junggar Basin.

    THE RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS AND MAIN CONTROL FACTORS OF THE SECOND MEMBER OF XUJIAHE FORMATION IN NORTH LONGCHANG
    HE Yan;PENG Jun
    2010, 32(5):  65-69.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.010
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    JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY(SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITION)，VOL.32，NO.5,65-69,2010（ISSN 1674-5086，in Chinese）
    Abstract：Medium-fine arkose-lithic and lithic-arkose are mainly sandstones of 2nd Member，Xujiahe Formation in Baojie Area.The roundness which is subround/subangle is medium.There are line and point-line and concave-convex contact forms which are pore-contact and overgrow-pore cementation among rock grains.The Xujiahe reservoir is characterized by low component maturity and textural maturity.The main pore types are granular pore and secondary feldspar-dissolution pore.The Xujiahe reservoirs are super low permeability with mean permeability of 1.2733mD.The sedimentary facies，mineral composition and grain diameter of the sandstones are the key factors influencing the reservoir formation and evolution.Furthermore，the strong compaction and cementation are the main factors resulting in the low porosity and low permeability of the reservoir，while dissolution and tectonic action are the main factor improving the physical property.

    CHARACTERISTICS OF CLAY MINERALS IN W LOW RESISTIVITY RESERVOIRS AND THE GENESIS OF LOW RESISTIVITY
    LIAO Ming-guang;SU Chong-hua;TANG Hong;JIANG Wei
    2010, 32(5):  70-74.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.011
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    The reservoir of Z1 oil group in W Oilfield has low resistance,high-porosity and low permeability.The geological formation of low resistivity reservoir has many reasons.In view of the developing features of Z oil group,the clay minerals types,clay particles distribution,clay content and the influence of them on the low-resistivity are studied.It can be found that the clay types in low resistivity layer segment of Z1 oil group is mainly the mixed layer of illite and montomorillonite and the content is relatively high.The clay particles are evenly distributed in a thin film and in flocculating form with high average clay content.Additional conductivity caused by clay minerals and high clay content are the main factors affecting the low resistivity of Z1 oil group.

    STUDY ON SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL GAMMA RAY SPECTRA LOG
    LIU Zun-nian;REN Ai-ge;JIA Rui-gao
    2010, 32(5):  75-78.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.012
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    JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY(SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITION)，VOL.32，NO.5,75-78,2010（ISSN 1674-5086，in Chinese）
    Abstract： Natural Gamma Ray Spectra log(SGR) is an important nuclear logging method,and real spectral analysis is a key technique of the surface processing system in SGR．Due to the inherent low resolution of Natural Gamma Ray Spectra log,there is a low signal-to-noise ratio and low confidence level during the logging process．Based on the principle of Natural Gamma Ray Spectra log,the normal count rate spectra are obtained from the test pit,and the four traditional algorithm methods are tested.Besides,the authors perform preliminary research on applying the direct demodulation method which has a high sensitivity and spatial resolution in gamma-ray log.This research offers a credible basis for algorithm selecting．

    GENETIC MECHANISM OF LOW RESISTIVITY RESERVOIR IN BANQIAO OIL FIELD
    YE Xing-shu;WU Guo-hai
    2010, 32(5):  79-82.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.05.013
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    The low resistivity oil reservoirs in Banqiao Oilfield have apparent different response features in logging curses from normal oil reservoir.Through the analysis of geology and clay minerals of Banqiao Oilfield,an integrated study on the causes of the low resistivity reservoir is made.From the study,it can be concluded that the hydrophilicity of rocks which have thinner sizes and higher clay contents is the main cause of low resistivity reservoir.The stratum in Ban-qiao oil field mainly consists of siltstones and fine sandstones which have a high shale content.The high shale content clays fill the pore of grain.The pore type which is mainly pore-throat makes free water incapable of flowing freely in the finer pore-throat.As a result,the upper content bound water is formed.On account of clay mineral，the intergranular pore of oil formation is rebuilt and it makes the pore diameter lessening and tiny pore developed.Additionally，because of the violent absorption ability of montmorillonite，a great deal of water is absorbed into the surface of particles and clays.At the same time，the migration of looser kaolinites leads to the jam of pore-throat which makes part of free water bound water.This makes the bound water content even higher in the oil formation.
    The secondary causes which lead to the formation of low resistivity reservoir are the additional conductive function of clay mineral,the thinner thickness of reservoir and mud invasion .