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    01 June 2012, Volume 34 Issue 3
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    地质勘探
    Application of Seismic Attributes Analysis Fluvial Reservoir to Prediction
    Chen Gongyang;Chen Ling;Zhu Jieqiong;Cao Lanzhu;Xin Weijiang
    2012, 34(3):  1-8. 
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    Abstract：The exploration of lithologic oil pool formed by the channel sand body is getting more and more attention by
    explorationists. Because of the complexity and diversity of the fluvial reservoir，it is difficult to be controlled and predicated
    effectively with well data. With the well data’s calibrating，the fluvial reservoir prediction must be made by sufficiently taking
    advantage of the lateral continuity of seismic data. Wuth the analysis of seismic attribution，the paper presents the fluvial
    reservoir predicting in the upper section of Es1and Ed formation of the Paleogene in Wen’an Slope，Baxian Depression，
    Jizhong Sag，Bohaiwan Basin. The results are：（1）The high amplitude of peaks and troughs of seismic wave represent the
    distribution of the fluvial sand body and the water system. （2）The amplitudes fourth derivative is sensitive to the weak change，
    so it can identify the channel sand body easily，especially for carving the distribution of the channel bed. （3）The channel
    deposit is characterized by low frequency seismic reflection，and the distribution of fluvial sand body was corresponded with
    the area of frequency lower than 10 Hz. （4）Based on the waveform analysis technique with neural network，we can overcome
    the ambiguity and uncertainty brought by single parameter in seismic attribution. Through calibrating with well data，the results
    of classification highly correspond with the recognition of geology.
    Structural Evolution Research of Qigu Fault-folded Belts
    Fan GuangXu;Li Zhen[Contribute to this paper equally];Yang Disheng;Wang Wei
    2012, 34(3):  9-18. 
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    Abstract：Aiming at complex structure of Qigu fault-folded belts in Junggar Basin，structural evolution is studied in this paper.
    ByinvestigatingmassifevolutionofMountTianshan，stratumdevelopmentofsurrounding，thechangeofsurfacewater，seismic
    interpret profile，regarding theoretical geology as guidelines，combining standard stratigraphic section of between Triassic
    and Neozoic，surface geology data，important interpretation profile of seismic exploration，integrated research report，plane
    and profile structural characteristics of Qigu fault-folded belts in the period of Himalaya are researched in this paper. The
    main structural characteristics of Qigu fault-folded belts is analysed and its structural model is divided. In this paper，it is
    considered that the structural evolution of Qigu fault-folded belts is divided into four stages，including tilt stage，fault-folded
    stage，detachment stage and wedging stage. It provides proof to exploration of Qigu fault-folded belts.
    Analysis on Internal Architecture of Batture Bar Reservoir
    Yu Chenglin;Li Zhipeng;Xiong Yunbin;Wu Sha;Zeng Ping
    2012, 34(3):  19-23. 
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    Abstract：The internal configuration of the reservoir is the key geological factor to control the distribution of remaining oil.
    This paper makes a detailed study on the characteristics of batture bar of braided river based on the analysis of the core data and
    the logging data. According to previous researches and the deposition law of batture bar，the internal architecture model was
    concluded. The batture bar can be divided into four parts including the head，the tail，the wings and the main in the horizon，and
    it can also be divided into three parts including the vertical accretion body，the off silt layers and the vertical accretion surface
    in the vertical. The off silt layers of Guantao formation mainly consist of physical intercalation and mud intercalation in Gao
    Qiannan area，and there are little or no development in the head，but a certain amount in the wings and the tail. The inclination
    of the off silt layers is smaller in the tail，with an average inclination of 0.8°，and larger in the wings，average inclination 4°.
    The thickness of vertical body varies greatly，usually from 0.8 to 3.6 m averaging 1.7 m.
    Sedimentary Characteristics of Beach-bar Sandbodies in Fuwan andZhangchang Area in Biyang Depression
    Qin Fei;Yao Guangqing;Ma Weijun;Zhang Lei;Jin Yanlin
    2012, 34(3):  24-32. 
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    Abstract：Fuwan and Zhangchang Area is located in the center of north clinoform zone in Biyang Depression，which is of pos-
    sibility to become a subtle reservoir，as a result of inconspicuous positive structure，growth of fault block architecture and fairly
    growth of sandstone lithology. Taking reservoir group IV—VI for example，combining with core observation，well logging，
    grain size and areal geology information，this paper establishes a model of beach-bar in study area，when sedimentary charac-
    teristics and dimensional distribution discipline of beach-bar facies is determinate. First，the main lithology is fine sandstone，
    siltstone and pelitic siltstone in study area，and logging trace is like egg with symmetric transition and funnel with converse
    circle，and grain probability curve is two-stage with no roll components mostly，and the main sedimentary structure is wave
    bedding and cross bedding，many biological burrows and much commotion structure included，and depositional sequence is
    mainly adverse facies sequence，besides，beach facies and bar facies are symbiotic，and vegetal area has strong compatibility.
    Second，bar facies grows in IV—VI Group，especially in IV Group. Beach facies just grows in a few wells in V Group in a
    small way.
    Prediction of Favorable Area of Chang 6 and Chang 4+5 Reservoir FromHujianshan Area
    Ning Zhengfu;Li Dongyang;Cheng Linsong;
    2012, 34(3):  33-40. 
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    Abstract：Basedontheintegratedinformationofgeologicaldata，coreanalysisdata，loggingdataandproductiontest，thestrata
    classification and contrast，and the single-well phase analysis of Chang 6 and Chang 4+5 from Hujianshan oilfield are carried
    out. The recognition pattern of log facies and plane distributive maps of sedimentary facies of oil layers are also established，
    and then the evolution law of sedimentary facies and the exhibition of reservoir sand body and property are analyzed，which are
    favorable for the recognition of the reservoir characteristics. On the basis of previous research，the flow unit of the reservoir are
    divided，then combined with the test data，the favorable area of the reservoir are predicted，which can provide the theoretical
    direction for reasonable development of Chang 6 and Chang 4+5 from Hujianshan Oilfield.
    Fine Calculation Method Study of Crustal Stress of High-SteepConformation in Northeast Sichuan
    Fan Xiangyu;Kang Haitao;Gong Ming;He Chuanliang;Chen Yingjie
    2012, 34(3):  41-46. 
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    Abstract：The northeastern zone of Sichuan is one of the regions that are rich in oil and gas resources discovered in China. The
    geological structures in this area are extremely complicated，80 percent of which are high-steep conformation. The complicated
    structure conditions have a great challenge for oil and gas exploration and development. Especially，the unclearly understand-
    ing of the magnitude，direction and transverse distribution law of crustal stress brings great difficulty in well construction. The
    paper，by making full use of the continuity，economy and resolution of logging data，and applying statistic methods and com-
    puter comprehensive mapping technology，calculates and studies the rock mechanic parameters and crustal stress precisely，
    primarily sets up the discrete analysis model of vertical stress and precise solution formula of horizontal stress. Meanwhile，
    the paper puts forward the concept and value range of average crustal stress，calculates and tests it in depth according to actual
    geological condition of the work area. The results obtained greatly improve the understanding of transverse distribution law
    and calculation accuracy of crustal stress in high-steep conformation of northeastern Sichuan，and，provides reference for the
    calculation research on other same structures.
    Study on Structural Feature and its Oil and Gas Geologic Conditions of AWell Area，North of Awati Sag，Tarim Basin
    Li Xiaogang;Xu Guoqiang;Shen Zhongmin;Yan Yongxin;Xian Wei
    2012, 34(3):  47-55. 
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    Abstract：Few large oil and gas fields have been presently discovered around the Awati Sag in western Tarim Basin. However，
    in recent years，with both the improvements of drilling technology and level of understanding，it is obviously urgent to carry
    out related re-evaluation upon those potential favorable structural traps or zones. In this paper，based on previous studies，
    using both pre-existing and newly-obtained 2D seismic data covering the A structure together with drilling data，we firstly
    conduct seismic data interpretation and delineate structural maps of key reflector layers（the bottom surface of the Tertiary and
    the top surface of the mid-upper Ordovician limestones）. The results show that the A structure is an integrated compressional
    anticline trending NW-SE within the Mesozoic-Cenozoic interval，but within Palaeozoic interval it is a large-scale thrust-diapir
    domal anticline structure，which is quietly different from previous understanding. Further analysis on oil and gas conditions
    indicatethatthethrust-diapirdomalstructurepossessessomeessentialelementsforformingpotentialgiantreservoir，including：
    1）a large-scale trap with an area of 260 km2and a closure height of 1 100m；2）location beside available source rocks of
    the mid-upper Ordovician blocked-trough；3）fractured reservoir of the Upper Cambrian–Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks；
    4）lateHercynianpaleostructuraltrapconditiontogetherwithcontinuoushydrocarbonchargingfromCretaceoustothepresent；
    5）massive shale sealing condition as well as the fault sealing condition within the shale beds. The adverse factors for this
    structure are its depth of burial with target layers up to 6 400∼7 500 m，and may be affected by the neighboring large-scale
    volcanic intrusion to its northeast.
    Sequence and Palaeo-geography Features of Cretaceous inXX Area，Tahe Oilfield
    Wang Jun;Liu Jiaduo;Wang Yuanjun
    2012, 34(3):  56-64. 
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    Abstract：Based on drilling and logging data analysis，this paper studies the high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and palaeo-
    geography of Cretaceous in northwest Tahe Oilfield by combining wells with seismic data. The Cretaceous can be classified
    into 1 huge cycle，3 super-long-term cycles，6 long-term cycles and 16 medium-term cycle sequence，shown as transgressive
    to regressive sedimentary cycle，where 3 kinds of sedimentary systems can be recognized；braided river delta，meandering
    river delta and lacustrine deposit，representing 3 periods during lake basin evolution. The palaeo-geography features of each
    long term cycle sequence are also discussed by combing with seismic properties analysis. The source of Cretaceous in this area
    mainly came from ancient Tianshan Mountains，with sedimentary facies belt distributed as south-north direction. Various sand
    bodies gradually pinch-out southwards and are prone to form structure-lithology composite trap since they are controlled by the
    modern structural pattern of“the south part being higher than the north”.
    High-quality Reservoir Prediction on the Tight Sandstone in FourthMember of Xujiahe Formation in the Tongnanba Structure
    Wang Changcheng;Tian meng;Ran Zhurong;Wang Guochang
    2012, 34(3):  65-70. 
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    Abstract：Reservoir of the fourth member of Xujiahe Formation of Tongnanba structure is more dense in east Sichuan. Com-
    bining methods of such as geophysical inversion，seismic attribute analysis，gas-bearing reservoir seismic response analysis，
    we make sand body prediction first. Then，on the basis of knowing the distribution of sand body clearly，we make porosity
    prediction，looking for parts of relatively high porosity of sand body. At the same time，we predict gas-bearing reservoir on
    the basis of studying geophysical response model of gas-bearing reservoir，and finally，we make predictions about plane dis-
    tribution of high-quality reservoir of the fourth member of Xujiahe Formation. This method，making use of various geological
    and geophysical information，and combining many methods of reservoir prediction，from sand body prediction and high poros-
    ity sand body prediction to petroleum sand body prediction，works well in looking for high-quality reservoir and pointing out
    favorable target area of exploration，and thus provides effective scheme for tight clastic rock reservoir exploration.
    Application of Seismic Facies Technique for Fracture Classfication inReservoir Prediction
    Ji Shengzhen;Wu Xingwei;Xia Dongling;Wang Ping
    2012, 34(3):  71-77. 
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    Abstract：Carbonatefracture reservoirpredictionisthe keypoint ofpetroleum exploration and production. At present，seismic
    reflection dip，coherence and maximum curvature are the common attributes to predict fracture reservoir. Seismic reflection
    dip and coherence attributes are used to detect faults and large fractures. Curvature attribute is usually used to describe the
    fractures. While single seismic attribute usually has multiple solutions，seismic facies technique for fracture classification
    integrates multiattributes by Clustering Analysis，which extracts the common features of the faults and fractures of the seismic
    data. The faults and fractures are detected and classified by seismic facies classification. In order to verify the reliability of
    the prediction，the results is further confirmed by drilling，MFI and dynamic data. This method is capable of detecting 80%
    fractures of a Middle East oilfield in the target formations，which improved the success of the reservoir prediction greatly.
    Response of Dual Lateral Logging on Interbeded Sand-shale inHorizontal Well
    Liu Diren;Yan Linhui;Xia Pei;Wan Wenchun;Dong Dan;
    2012, 34(3):  78-82. 
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    Abstract：According to the complex logging environment of sand-shale interbeded formation，the response of dual laterolog
    to multilayered medium model in horizontal well has been analyzed by 3D finite element method. The numerical result shows
    that the borehole diameter and mud resistivity，the thickness and resistivity of shoulder bed（mudstone）as well as the radius
    of invasion and invasion zone resistivity make obvious influences on dual laterolog response. In the sand-shale formation，the
    larger the borehole sizes and mud resistivity are，the more serious influence on Ra is. If mudstone’s resistivity is higher，the
    apparent resistivity of dual laterolog changes more obviously. The shoulder bed which includes sandstone and mudstone makes
    no impact on the apparent resistivity and the apparent resistivity curves of variation are nearly the same when bed thickness of
    formation is beyond 8 meters. The lower the resistivity invasion is and the deeper it invades，the more the difference between
    Ra and the real resistivity of formation is.
    Identification of Water and Gas Reservoirs With Elastic Parameters
    Li Shansheng;Zhao Hui;Sima Liqiang;Dai Shihua
    2012, 34(3):  83-88. 
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    Abstract：The influence of the pore structure on resistivity is much greater than that of fluid type for reservoirs with complex
    pore structure，which has little difference in resistivity between gas reservoirs and water reservoirs. So，it is difficult to distin-
    guish them with resistivity. Pore fluid bulk modulus is used to identify gas or water reservoirs based on the marked difference
    betweengasbulkmodulusandwater（oroil）bulkmodulus. Theratioofcompressionalwaveandshearwavevelocityandelastic
    parameters are used to determine the fluid type. The simulating results show that a small quantity of gas can cause significant vp
    and vp/vsdecreas，and vsis insensitive to the gas content，and vp/vsof water reservoirs are much significantly greater than that
    of gas reservoirs. A cross plot of vp/vsversus vscan be used to identify gas or water reservoirs. This cross plot can eliminate
    the effects of porosity and lithology on vp/vs.
    石油与天然气工程
    Mechanism Research of Enhancement Oil Recovery by CO2SlugsPushed by N2
    Sun Yang;Du Zhimin;Sun Lei;Pan Yi;Tang Yong
    2012, 34(3):  89-97. 
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    Abstract：SJ oil reservoir’s permeability is low and its natural energy is poor. However，because of the inadequate CO2source
    and the poor resistance of the pipelines to CO2-corrosion，the continuous CO2injection is unavailable in the field. In that
    case，another improved strategy is the replacement of the continuous CO2 injection by CO2slugs pushed by N2. Based on the
    formation hydrocarbon characteristics of the pilot test block，we try to compare the mechanism of CO2slugs drive pushed by
    N2with the continuous CO2drive. After we tested the recovery percent and minimum miscibility pressure（MMP）of CO2slugs
    drive pushed by N2and CO2drive by slim tube experiments，our research are the multiple contact simulation of CO2drive and
    N2drive and the one-dimensional simulation of long slim tube of CO2slugs pushed by N2. We analyse the intermiscibility of
    gas slug and the crude oil，the interfacial tension between gas phase and liquid phase，the concentration of C2-C6in the two
    phases，density and viscosity of such two phases. The simulation results indicate no serious diffusion and dispersion of CO2
    and N2occur when CO2slug pushed by N2displaces the crude oil during the long slim tube test. The CO2concentration of the
    multicontect front is in a high level to keep a stable miscible displacement front to drive oil. CO2slugs pushed by N2can gain
    the same oil recovery with continuous CO2flooding in the same volume of gas injection. Such gas slug displacementreduce
    the amount of CO2，so it can slow the CO2-corrosion to the pipelines caused by the continuous CO2injection. The cognition
    provides inspiration function for the development and improvement CO2-EOR.
    An Optimal Method of Well Test Analysis Based on Advanced DifferentialEvolutionary Algorithm
    He Ying;Nie Renshi;Jia Yonglu;Ruan Baotao;Yang Sisong
    2012, 34(3):  98-104. 
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    Abstract：The purpose of well test parameter optimization is to get parameters which reflect the real condition of oil and gas
    reservoir by optimizing the parameter of reservoir model from the well button pressure and production data. Well test analysis is
    amultiplicityproblem，buttheoptimizationmethodrequirestheobjectfunctionbedifferentiableandcontinuous，andisinfected
    by the initial value. This is the way to find the part optimal value. Standard differential evolutionary algorithm is improved，
    combinedwithsimulatedannealingalgorithmandniche，anddevelopedintoamixeddifferentialevolutionaryalgorithm，which
    guaranty global network ability and converge to optimal solution. And this algorithm is introduced to well test. An optimal
    method of well test analysis based on advanced differential evolutionary algorithm is established.It is not necessary to specify
    initial estimates for the parameter values and objective function continuous. The method is superior to standard differential
    evolutionary algorithm. Through the comparison between the L–M method and the method mentioned in this paper，well test
    data demonstrated the method is efficient.
    Research and Application of Wellbore Temperature Field Models forThermal Recovery Well in Offshore Heavy Oilfield
    Li Weichao;Qi Tao;Guan Hongxiang;Yu Jifei;Sui Xianfu
    2012, 34(3):  105-110. 
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    Abstract：With the development of oil economy，the exploitation of offshore heavy oil is getting more and more attention.
    Multiple thermal fluid huff and puff is an efficient and economic heavy oil production technology，which has been applied
    with success in Bohai Oilfield. In this paper，based on the experimental wells of M Oilfield，the technology characteristics and
    the production effect are introduced；wellbore temperature distribution model and complex heat transfer coefficient calculation
    method are studied. In addition，the optimum design method for several important process parameters of the multiple thermal
    fluidhuffandpuffarepresentedsuchasinsulatedtubingheatconductioncoefficient，insulatedtubingsettingdepthandmultiple
    thermal fluid compositions. Through the study，some useful conclusions of multiple thermal fluid huff and puff have been
    acquired，which could be used to guide the thermal recovery plan optimization design of offshore
    Mechanism Research of the Impact of Heterogeneity on the LowPermeability Reservoir Recovery
    Pan Ling;Fang Quantang;Duan Yonggang
    2012, 34(3):  111-115. 
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    Abstract：How to develop low-permeability reservoirs has become the key question in the field of oil and gas production.
    However，the heterogeneity of low-permeability reservoirs is the main factor affecting the oil recovery. Therefore，a reservoir
    mechanism model，based on the reservoir geological model presented in this paper，is used to analyze the influence of the
    respective and combined elements on oil reservoir recovery，with reservoir thickness，interlayer thickness，permeability and
    permeability anisotropy coefficient as evaluation variables. The result reveals that the permeability and permeability anisotropy
    coefficient are the two main factors. This research is significant in adjusting and making full use of potentialities in later stage
    of oil and gas development.
    Correction for Attenuation Curve Method in Low Permeability GasReservoir Dynamic Analysis Application
    Pan Wei
    2012, 34(3):  116-120. 
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    Abstract：The pressure is the soul of gas reservoir/well production performance analysis．Many dynamic analysis method
    has a direct link with pressure. However，it is very difficult to obtain the bottom hole flow pressure and formation pressure
    data of tight and low permeability gas reservoir in the production process，due to the low yield，quick decrease in the formation
    pressure，slowincreasesintheshut-inpressureandconstraintsofthemodeofproduction．Thepressuredropmethod，production
    uncertaintyanalysisandproductiondeclinecurveanalysismethodaregenerallyusedtoproducegasreservoirdynamicanalysis，
    but due to the lack of pressure data，the pressure drop method and production uncertainty analysis meet very big limitation．
    Based on the modified attenuated decline curve analysis method，we got rid of the limitation of pressure data．It is also verified
    to be reliable by comparisons with pressure drop method

    Influence of the Section Starting Pressure on the Drive Pressure Gradient
    He Yongming;Wang Tao;Liu Chunyan;Ye Huan
    2012, 34(3):  121-124. 
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    Abstract：The development projects of the less than 10 mD ultra-low permeability reservoir and those of more than an average
    of 20 mD low permeability reservoir are very different. The lower the permeability is，the higher the start-up pressure there
    is，so the development of technique and programme development are influenced. The results show that the results do not meet
    the actual situation with the same starting pressure gradient. The results reflect more good ultra-low permeability reservoir
    of the actual situation with the application of section starting pressure gradient. Space between wells has little impact on the
    calculation of the pressure for higher permeability，but ultra-low permeability reservoir pressure are greatly influenced.
    Water-flooding Reservoir Screening and Evaluation Criteria for LiaoheSandstone Reservoirs
    Wu Yi;Xiao Honglin;Yuan Ping
    2012, 34(3):  125-131. 
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    Abstract：ThemajorityofLiaohesandstonereservoirshavethefeatureoffaultblocks，whichhavecomplexreservoircondition.
    And that leads to many development problems in water flooding sandstone reservoirs and parts of the reservoirs are difficult
    to develop after water-flooding adjustments. Based on the lab and in-situ data，this paper aims to analyze the degree and
    factor regulation of major factors which affects the water flooding performance. After that，the key factors are optimized
    from different aspects and the water-flooding development potential comprehensive evaluation system for Liaohe sandstone
    reservoirs are established with meticulous study on water-flooding potential evaluation by Grey System Theory，which lays the
    foundations for enhance oil recovery for Liaohe sandstone reservoirs.
    Borehole Stability Research of Plane Dual-opposing Laterals Junction
    Xu Kunji;Xiong Jiyou;Xu Honglin;Lü Fuzhi;Liu Huiliang
    2012, 34(3):  132-138. 
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    To solve the problem of borehole stability of the multilateral junction of dual-opposing laterals in potential strikeslip
    stress field，we establish the finite element analysis models of multilateral junction on the basis of some related knowledge
    in the rock mechanics theory including the Drucker-Prager principle，and solve it by the Newton-Raphson iteration method.
    According to the practically geological data of some reservoir，we studied the effect on the borehole stability of Multilateral
    Junction which results from the maximum horizontal principal stress and the deviation of the lateral wellbore. Results show
    that the maximum Von-Mises stress increases with the angle between the wellbore plane and the maximum horizontal principal
    stress. However，results also show the maximum Von-Mises stress first decreases and then increases with the deviation of the
    lateral wellbore. The optimum deviation angle of branch hole is 15 degrees. So，we can draw the conclusion that the size and
    position of the maximum Von-Mises stress are mutually affected by the angle between the wellbore plane and the orientation of
    the maximum horizontal principal stress and the deviation of the lateral wellbore.
    Evaluation the Wettability of the Wetting Agent Using in Oil-baseDrilling Fluid
    Wu Chao;Tian Rongjian;Luo Jiansheng;Xia Xiaochun;Wang Deming
    2012, 34(3):  139-144. 
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    The surface of weighting agent in oil base drilling fluid is often hydrophilic. It disperse in a water-in-oil emulsion，
    will directly influence the drilling fluid static density. At the same time，the hydrophilic clay particles in the formation tend to
    combine with water particles aggregation when penetrating the oil base drilling fluid will. Thereby it will have an effect on the
    rheological properties of drilling fluids. To solve the above problem，we also study the evaluation method of selecting wetting
    agents that prevent the aggregation. It can be known by analysis that the barite’s sagging volumes are different in several oil
    phases with different wetting agents. The wettability of large numbers of narrow passages forming inside of barite powder
    during sagging will affect the barite’s sagging volumes. If the wetting agents wettability is stronger，the barites sagging volume
    will be less because less oil phase is bounded inside barite powder. On the contrary，the barite’s sagging volume will be more.
    So the barites sagging can evaluate the wetting agent’s wettability，which is handy and convenient for appraising the wetting
    agent.
    Highly Accurate Difference Scheme for the UnsteadyConvection-Diffusion Equation
    Xiao Jianying;Liu Xiaohua;Li Yongtao
    2012, 34(3):  145-149. 
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    Convection-diffusion equation mainly contains two terms—convection and diffusion. In the numerical calculation，
    central difference scheme，with excellent physical properties and high accuracy is often employed to discretize the diffusion
    term，which has been fully able to meet the requirements for most practical problems，but somewhat difficult to handle convective
    term. If handled improperly，it will produce numerical oscillation or numerical dispersion，which will bring difficulties
    to the numerical calculation. To avoid handling the convection term directly，we change the convection-diffusion equation into
    a diffusion equation with an exponential transformation. According to fourth-order compact difference scheme，three types
    of special high-precision differential equation schemes are established firstly，then the process of the establishment of onedimensional
    unsteady convection diffusion equation with source term is derived with stability analysis. The scheme has high
    precision and absolute stability. In the end，the numerical result shows the effectiveness of the scheme.
    油气化学工程与化工
    Experimental Study of the Shale Inhibition Between Polyamine andPotassium Chloride
    Zhong Hanyi;Huang Weian;Qiu Zhengsong;Huang Daquan;Wang Fuwei
    2012, 34(3):  150-156. 
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    Polyamine water-based drilling fluid is considered to be of high performance and most close to the properties
    of water-based invert emulsion mud developed in recent years. Because of the unique molecular structure and outstanding
    inhibition，the new polyamine shale inhibitor has been showing more and more attention. The inhibitive properties between
    polyamine and potassium chloride are evaluated by bentonite inhibition test，buckle hardness test，shale hot-rolling dispersion
    test，slake durability test，shale linear swelling test and the interlayer spacing measurement and so on. The results indicate that，
    compared to potassium chloride，polyamine can suppress clay hydration and dispersion with low concentration but long effect.
    Also polyamine exhibits high temperature resistance. Compatibility tests indicate that polyamine is compatible with bentonite
    and common additives. Based on SDA，polyamine water-based drilling fluid is developed. The experiments demonstrate that
    the system shows high performance of anti-salt，anti-calcium and anti-cuttings pollution.
    Study on the Fast Dissolution of a Hydrophobic AssociationWater-Soluble Polymer
    Liu Liwei;Zhang Jian
    2012, 34(3):  157-162. 
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    The effect of equipment of rapid dissolution of polymer on the dissolution time of the hydrophobic association
    water-soluble polymer（AP–P4）is studied. Experimental results indicate that stretching device would shorten the dissolution
    time of the hydrophobic association water-soluble polymer（AP–P4）. Moreover，the best spacing of the stretching device is
    200 μm，at which the shortest dissolution time of the hydrophobic association water-soluble polymer（AP–P4）is 25 mins. The
    hydrophobic association water-soluble polymer（AP–P4）after treatment with equipment of rapid dissolution of polymer would
    dissolve in 30 mins. And the dissolution time of the hydrophobic association water-soluble polymer（AP–P4）decrease with
    water temperature increasing.
    石油机械工程及其他
    Study of Stabilizer Location and Well Deviation Control Mechanism in GasDrilling Horizontal Well
    Tian Ping;Lian Zhanghua;Zheng Jianxiang;Ding Shidong;Zhang Ying
    2012, 34(3):  163-168. 
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    Aimed at the problems of the well track control on the horizontal hole section of the XS–001H well，the finite
    element model of the well deviation control on the horizontal hole section is established. The parameters of the horizontal hole
    section BHA and the locations of the stabilizers can be arbitrarily changed to study the mechanism of the well deviation controls
    in the FEM model. The relationships of the drill collar BHA，the non-magnetic resistance compress drill pipe BHA，and the
    stabilizer locations and the mechanism of the well deviation controls are studied in this paper. The quantitative relation curves
    between the lateral force of the three-cone bit and the stabilizer interspacing are obtained under the relevant BHA，and the
    curves of the maximum bending deflection of the different BHA on the horizontal hole section and the stabilizer interspacing
    are also obtained. The results provide the quantitative theoretical data for the well deviation controls of the gas drill horizontal
    hole section.
    Modeling and Simulation of Umbilical Hydraulic Line in ESDVent down Situation
    Jiang Lin;Liu Lixin;Liang Zheng;Xiao Shihong
    2012, 34(3):  169-173. 
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    The composition of subsea multiplexed electrohydraulic control system and the working theory of umbilical ESD
    vent down in deepwater oil and gas field are introduced. The model is established by AMESim software，with parameters based
    on a south China sea oilfield. By simulating the ESD vent down with 4 different tubing size，we get the curves of vent flow
    rates，volumes and pressures of subsea accumulator. The proper tubing size was chose based on the simulation results. The
    difference is less than 5%compared to the foreign simulation results. The result can provide reference for subsea control system
    designing and umbilical selecting.
    博导论评
    Formation Mechanism and Distribution of Clay Minerals of Deeply TightSiliciclastic Reservoirs
    Zhang Shaonan;Ding Xiaoqi;Wan Youli;Xiong Di;Zhu Zhiliang
    2012, 34(3):  174-182. 
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    With the development of petroleum exploration and exploitation，the proportion of deeply buried tight siliciclastic
    reservoirs is increasing significantly. The key to successful exploration in tight siliciclastic reservoirs is usually to find the
    growing law of the efficient reservoirs. However，there is a close relationship between formation mechanism and diagenetic
    clay minerals. Kaolinite，chlorite，mixed-layer illite-smectite and illite are common clay minerals in tight siliciclastic reservoirs.
    Formation mechanism and distribution of clay minerals can be studied by thin section，SEM and BSE，with consideration of
    sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy. The results show that formation of clay minerals are influenced by framework
    grains composition，climate，depositional environment，temperature，and so on. Clay minerals formed in early diagenesis
    can be controlled by sea level changes，however，which can influence late diagenetic clay minerals. Formation mechanism
    and distribution of clay minerals of deeply buried tight siliciclastic reservoirs can be predicted by integrating framework grain
    composition，depositional setting and sequence stratigraphic study.