海上地震采集观测系统研究现状与展望

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.08.28.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着陆上油气勘探潜力的逐渐下降，石油工业的重心已开始转向海洋。目前，国内外海上油气勘探主要集中
在浅水区，而深水区的油气勘探开发才刚刚起步。为了适应深水区复杂地质构造清晰成像的要求，满足深水区油气资
源的评价、寻找有利勘探目标、提高勘探成功率的需要，有必要加大海上地震勘探采集设计的研究。近20 年来，海上
拖缆观测系统出现了窄方位、多方位、宽方位、富方位、全方位的地震拖缆采集方式。本文针对每种采集方式的观测系
统参数、施工方式和自身的优缺点做了分析和总结，并对宽方位和全方位拖缆采集方式中独具特色的观测系统进行了
详细介绍。最后，对未来海上多船宽方位拖缆观测系统的设计趋势进行了展望，以期推动中国海上拖缆地震采集观测
系统研究的不断快速发展。

关键词: 海上地震采集, 观测系统, 窄方位, 多方位, 宽方位, 富方位, 全方位

Abstract:

With the increasing decline of onshore oil exploration potentiality，the key trend of petroleum industry is focused on
marine oil exploration. At present，China´s marine oil exploration is mainly spread out at shallow water，and further geophysical
exploration is also being devoted in deep water ocean. In order to meet the demand of geological structure imaging in deep ocean
area and satisfy the need of reservoir evaluation，searching for favorable exploration target and improving explorative success
rate in this area，it is necessary to enhance the study of survey evaluation and design of marine seismic acquisition. During recent
two decades，a series of marine streamer survey techniques，such as NAZ，MAZ，WAZ，RAZ and FAZ appeared gradually. In
order to analyze and summarize the merit and demerit of particular case，we take some typical associated acquisition geometries
and acquisition patterns as example，and illustrate and describe the characteristic of each one in this paper. Furthermore，to
prospect the development of marine streamer survey evaluation and design for multi-vessel，WAZ，we hope it to be further
developed in the future.

Key words: offshore seismic survey, geometry, narrow-azimuth, multi-azimuth, wide-azimuth, rich-azimuth, full-azimuth

李欣1，尹成2，葛子建3，张鹏1，杨凯1. 海上地震采集观测系统研究现状与展望[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.08.28.01.

Li Xin1, Yin Cheng2,Ge Zijian3, Zhang Peng1, Yang Kai1. Situation and Prospects of Offshore Seismic Survey Geometry[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.08.28.01.

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