西南石油大学学报(自然科学版)

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复杂地区可控震源高效采集技术

贺海洋1,蒲晓东1,王新全2,安树杰2,孙梦2   

  1. 1. 中海油田服务股份有限公司,天津塘沽300451;2. 中国石油东方地球物理公司,河北涿州072751
  • 出版日期:2013-06-01 发布日期:2013-06-01
  • 作者简介:贺海洋,1965 年生,男,汉族,高级 工程师,2000 年获中欧学院MBA 硕士学位,从事物探技术和生产工 作。E-mail:hehy@cosl.com.cn 蒲晓东,1969 年生,男,汉族,高 级工程师,1993 年毕业于西南石 油学院,从事地震资料处理工作。 E-mail:puxd@cosl.com.cn 王新全,1970 年生,男,汉族,高级 工程师,硕士,主要从事地震数据 采集技术研究。E-mail:wangxinquan@ cnpc.com.cn 安树杰,1973 年生,男,汉族,高 级工程师,硕士,从事地震数据采 集技术研究和技术管理工作。Email: anshujie01@cnpc.com.cn 孙梦,1971 年生,男,汉族,高 级工程师,从事地震数据采集技 术研究和管理工作。E-mail:sunmeng@ cnpc.com.cn 编辑:杜
  • 基金资助:

    国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2011AA060303)。

Technologies of Vibroseis High Efficient Acquisition in Complex
Terrain Area

He Haiyang1, Pu Xiaodong1, Wang Xinquan2, An Shujie2, Sun Meng2   

  1. 1. China Oilfield Services Limited,CNOOC,Tanggu,Tianjin 300451,China
    2. Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting,CNPC,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072751,China
  • Online:2013-06-01 Published:2013-06-01

摘要:

中国西部地区地表多以戈壁沙漠为主,非常适合可控震源施工,随着油气勘探和开发的不断深入,高密度、宽
方位或全方位三维地震勘探技术被大量应用,随之带来巨大的成本压力。阐述了可控震源从传统的多台多次组合激
发,逐步发展形成的拆分振次技术、交替扫描技术、滑动扫描技术、拆分台次技术、谐波压制技术。这些技术突破了可
控震源传统的扫描方法,通过相互结合,联合应用,生产效率大大提高,单炮激发成本大幅降低,很好地解决了高密度
地震勘探的成本问题,有效推动了西部复杂探区高密度、高覆盖、全方位三维地震勘探技术的推广应用。2005 年以来,
在对可控震源激发参数进行大量研究和试验基础上,逐步形成了可控震源经济、高效的激发技术和参数优化方法。在
TH 盆地致密砂岩油气藏勘探中,不仅中浅层信噪比明显提高,同相轴连续性明显增强,同时深层以及煤下和层间弱反
射层的信噪比也有较大提高,进一步推动了西部盆地致密砂岩油气藏的勘探进程。

关键词: 可控震源, 三维地震, 拆分振次, 交替扫描, 拆分台次

Abstract:

The surface landforms are mainly Gobi and desert in western China,which makes it suitable for vibroseis tasks. The
basins in western China are rich in oil and gas. With the further development of oilfield E & P,the technique of high-density,
wide-range and 3D seismic survey has been widely applied and brings heavy cost press. Therefore,it is very necessary to find
out vibroseis acquisition techniques with high efficiency and low cost. The paper elaborates the advancement of the techniques
from conventional multiple vibroseis combination acquisition to split sweep,alternate sweep,slip sweep,split vibroseis array
and harmonic attenuation. These techniques surpass the conventional sweep method of vibroseis. And the combination of
these techniques greatly improved the production efficiency. Thus,the cost of per shot was greatly reduced. It also reduces
the cost of high-density seismic exploration and promotes the application of high-density,multiple coverage,omnibearing 3D
seismic exploration technique. Since 2005,the Tuha Bureau of BGP has gradually developed the cheapest and highly efficient
acquisition method and parameter optimization method of vibroseis based on a lot of researches and field tests of vibroseis
acquisition parameters. During the exploration of tight sand reservoir in TH basin,the signal-to-noise ratio has improved and
the continuity of event has strengthened obviously in middle-shallow layer. Meanwhile,the signal-to-noise ratio of deep layer,
layer under the coal and weak reflection layer of interlayer has improved greatly. It promotes the exploration process of tight
sand reservoir in western basins.

Key words: vibroseis, 3D seismic, split sweep, alternate sweep, split vibroseis