The Formation Mechanism of the Complex Fault System and the Mode of Oil and Gas Enrichment in South Baxian

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.11.19.01

Abstract

Abstract: An in-depth study was performed on the formation mechanism of dominant faults and all levels of micro-faults in the South Baxian area, and on the relationship between their combination and the mechanism of its control over oil and gas, on the basis of which, the distribution of oil sands can be effectively predicted. By using seismic, drilling, and logging data, combined with knowledge of geometry and dynamics, we have obtained a more systematic understanding of the faults and their microstructures in the South Baxian area. On this basis, we have confirmed the mode of oil and gas enrichment in complex fault systems by analyzing the evolution history of oil and gas accumulation, reservoir lithology, and physical properties. This study shows that the Xianbei fault is a reversed-S-shaped right-lateral three-step strike-slip fault under the influence of the Maxian fault. The Xianbei fault controls the formation of the South Baxian middle and shallow tectonic belt. The associated microfaults of the extensional zone expand from west to east, developing into three types of micro-faults, namely oblique bands, pinnate bands, and horsetail bands. The South Baxian oil and gas field is a homologous oil-gas reservoir. It was formed in two stages, its middle and shallow reservoirs being the tectonic-lithologic secondary fault block reservoir type. Three modes of oil and gas enrichment, namely fault oil control, micro-structure oil control, and sedimentary-phase control, are established. It is determined that the micro-structure of small beach-bar sand bodies with single-layer thickness in the pinnate band of the Xianbei fault is the area of oil and gas enrichment. Accordingly, five development wells are deployed in this area and the result of gas-testing is good.

Key words: South Baxian, right-lateral strike-slip, Maxian fault, Xianbei fault, restraining bend, releasing bend, mode of oil and gas enrichment

CLC Number:

TE122

WANG Aiping, CHEN Tao, ZHANG Tingjing, WANG Gang, DU Binshan. The Formation Mechanism of the Complex Fault System and the Mode of Oil and Gas Enrichment in South Baxian[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(3): 21-30.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/EN/10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.11.19.01

http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/EN/Y2020/V42/I3/21

References

[1] 邓奎,阎晓莉,李亚萍. 南八仙油气田三维地震资料综合评价[J]. 青海石油, 2009, 27(1):8-12.DENG Kui, YAN Xiaoli, LI Yaping. Comprehensive evaluation of 3D seismic data of Nanbaxian oil and gas field[J]. Qinghai Petroleum, 2009, 27(1):8-12.
[2] 王家树,牟中海,徐洁,等. 柴北缘南八仙构造演化及成藏机理[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2009, 23(4):12-15. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8217.2009.04.004 WANG Jiashu, MOU Zhonghai, XU Jie, et al. Evolution and forming mechanism of hydrocarbon reservoir of Nanbaxian structure in north edge of Qaidam Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2009, 23(4):12-15. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8217.2009.04.004
[3] 周建勋,徐凤银,胡勇. 柴达木盆地北缘中-新生代构造变形及其对油气成藏的控制[J]. 石油学报, 2003, 24(1):19-24. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2003.01.004 ZHOU Jianxun, XU Fengyin, HU Yong. Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonism and its control on hydrocarbon accumulationin the northern Qaidam Basin of China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2003, 24(1):19-24. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2003.01.004
[4] 高先志,陈发景. 应用流体包裹体研究油气成藏期次——以柴达木盆地南八仙油田第三系储层为例[J]. 地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京), 2000, 7(4):548-554. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2000.04.024 GAO Xianzhi, CHEN Fajing. Application of fluid inclusions to determination of the times and stages of hydrocarbon reservoir filling:A case study of Nanbaxian Oilfield in the Qaidam Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers (China University of Geosiences, Beijing), 2000, 7(4):548-554. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2000.04.024
[5] 袁亚娟,吕宝凤,刘见宝,等. 柴达木盆地断裂发育特征及其动力学机制探讨[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(6):46-52. doi:10.3863/j.issn.16745086.2010.06.010 YUAN Yajuan, LÜ Baofeng, LIU Jianbao, et al. The kinematic characteristics of the fault system of Qaidam Basin and its dynamic mechanism[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2010, 32(6):46-52. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2010.06.010
[6] 李翔,刘应如,柴小颖,等. 柴达木盆地东坪基岩气藏裂缝发育规律研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 41(1):71-79. doi:10.11885/j.issn.16745086.2017.11.15.01 LI Xiang, LIU Yingru, CHAI Xiaoying, et al. Patterns and comprehensive predictions of fracture development in bedrock gas reservoirs in Dongping, Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2019, 41(1):71-79. doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2017.11.15.01
[7] 何琰,余红,吴念胜. 微构造对剩余油分布的影响[J]. 西南石油学院学报, 2000, 22(1):24-28. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2000.01.007 HE Yan, YU Hong, WU Niansheng. The influence of micro structures on residual oil distribution[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute, 2000, 22(1):24-28. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2000.01.007
[8] 汪立群,徐凤银,庞雄奇,等. 马海大红沟凸起油气勘探成果与柴达木盆地北缘的勘探方向[J]. 石油学报,2005,26(3):21-25. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2005.03.004 WANG Liqun, XU Fengyin, PANG Xiongqi, et al. Potential exploration targets of the northern margin of Qaidam Basin suggested from the breakthrough of MahaiDahonggou Uplift[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2005, 26(3):21-25. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2005.03.004
[9] 杨超,陈清华,任来义,等. 柴达木盆地构造单元划分[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 34(1):25-33. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2012.01.005 YANG Chao, CHEN Qinghua, REN Laiyi, et al. Tectonic units of the Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2012, 34(1):25-33. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2012.01.005
[10] 肖安成,杨树锋,程晓敢,等. 柴达木盆地北缘的右行走滑冲断系统及其动力学[J]. 石油与天然气, 2006, 27(4):482-487. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-9985.2006.04.007 XIAO Ancheng, YANG Shufeng, CHENG Xiaogan, et al. Right lateral strike slip thrust system and its dynamics along the northern margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2006, 27(4):482-487. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-9985.2006.04.007
[11] 姜波,徐凤银,彭德华,等. 柴达木盆地北缘断裂构造变形特征[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2004, 33(6):687-692. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-1964.2004.06.017 JIANG Bo, XU Fengyin, PENG Dehua, et al. Deformation characteristics of fault structures on the northern fringe of Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2004, 33(6):687-692. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-1964.2004.06.017
[12] METIVIER F, GAUDEMER Y, TAPPONNIER P, et al. Northeastward growth of the Tibet plateau deduced from balanced reconstruction of two depositional areas:The Qaidam and Hexi Corridor Basins, China[J]. Tectonics, 1998, 17(6):823-842. doi:10.1029/98TC02764
[13] 李宏伟,许坤. 郯庐断裂走滑活动与辽河盆地构造古地理格局[J]. 地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京), 2001, 8(4):467-470. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2001.04.031 LI Hongwei, XU Kun. The dextral strike slip faulting of Tan-Lu fault zone and the structural oil fields distribution in Liaohe Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers (China University of Geosiences, Beijing), 2001, 8(4):467-470. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2001.04.031
[14] 刘永江,葛肖虹,叶慧文,等. 晚中生代以来阿尔金断裂的走滑模式[J]. 地球学报, 2001, 22(1):23-28. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1006-3021.2001.01.005 LIU Yongjiang, GE Xiaohong, YE Huiwen, et al. Strikeslip model for Altyn Tagh Fault developed since Late Mesozoic[J]. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 2001, 22(1):23-28. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1006-3021.2001.01.005
[15] 徐嘉炜. 论走滑断层作用的几个主要问题[J]. 地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京), 1995, 2(12):125-136. XU Jiawei. Some major problems on strike-slip faulting[J]. Earth Science Frontiers (China University of Geosiences, Beijing), 1995, 2(1-2):125-136.
[16] 刘海龄. 南沙西部海域伸缩型右旋走滑双重构造系统及其动力学过程[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 1999, 19(3):11-17. doi:10.1088/0256-307X/15/11/025 LIU Hailing. On an extension contraction type dextral strike slip duplex system in western Nansha waters, South China Sea and its dynamic process[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1999, 19(3):11-17. doi:10.1088/0256-307X/15/11/025
[17] 喻顺,吕修祥,柳广弟,等. 断陷盆地构造枢纽部位油气富集规律[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 35(2):39-44. doi:10.3969/j.issn.16735005.2011.02.007 YU Shun, LÜ Xiuxiang, LIU Guangdi, et al. Hydrocarbon enrichment rules at structural pivot position in rift basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2011, 35(2):39-44. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2011.02.007
[18] 杨桥,魏刚,马宝军,等. 郯庐断裂带辽东湾段新生代右旋走滑变形及其模拟实验[J]. 石油与天然气, 2009, 30(4):483-489. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-9985.2009.04.015 YANG Qiao, WEI Gang, MA Baojun, et al. Characteristics and modeling of the cenozoic right-lateral slip deformation in the Liaodong Bay segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(4):483-489. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0253-9985.2009.04.015
[19] 能源,杨海军,邓兴梁. 塔中古隆起碳酸盐岩断裂破碎带构造样式及其石油地质意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(1):40-50. doi:10.11698/PED.2018.01.04 NENG Yuan, YANG Haijun, DENG Xingliang. Structural patterns of fault broken zones in carbonate rocks and their influences on petroleum accumulation in Tazhong Paleo-uplift, Tarim Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(1):40-50. doi:10.11698/PED.2018.01.04
[20] 方旭庆,蒋有录,罗霞,等. 济阳坳陷断裂演化与油气富集规律[J]. 中国石油大学学报, 2013, 37(2):21-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2013.02.004 FANG Xuqing, JIANG Youlu, LUO Xia, et al. Relationship between faults evolution and hydrocarbon enrichment in Jiyang Depression[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2013, 37(2):21-27. doi:10.3969/j.issn.16735005.2013.02.004
[21] 李慧勇,茆利,王粤川,等. 渤海沙垒田凸起北部中央走滑带断裂对圈闭的控制[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 2014, 37(2):1-4. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-3177.2014.02.001 LI Huiyong, MAO Li, WANG Yuechuan, et al. Trap under fractures in central strike-slip zone of Northern Shaleitian Bulge, Bohai Offshore[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development, 2014, 37(2):1-4. doi:10.3969/j.issn.16733177.2014.02.001
[22] 陈艳鹏,刘震,李潍莲,等. 柴达木盆地油气成藏构造演化作用浅析[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 30(4):43-47. doi:10.3863/j.issn.10002634.2008.04.011 CHEN Yanpeng, LIU Zhen, LI Weilian, et al. Tectonic evolution and formation of reservoirs in Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2008, 30(4):43-47. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2008.04.011
[23] 蒋有录,叶涛,张善文,等. 渤海湾盆地潜山油气富集特征与主控因素[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(3):20-29. doi:10.3969/j.issn.16735005.2015.03.003 JIANG Youlu, YE Tao, ZHANG Shanwen, et al. Enrichment characteristics and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon in buried hill of Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2015, 39(3):20-29. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2015.03.003
[24] 高先志,陈发景,马达德,等. 南八仙构造油气成藏模式及其对柴北缘勘探的启示[J]. 石油实验地质, 2001, 23(2):154-159. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2001.02.007 GAO Zhixian, CHEN Fajing, MA Dade, et al. Pool forming model of hydrocarbon in Nanbaxian structure and its implication to the exploration of the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2001, 23(2):154-159. doi:10.3969/j.issn.10016112.2001.02.007
[25] 高秀伟,石剑英,王明,等. 南八仙油气田油气成因及成藏分析[J]. 科技资讯, 2013, 8(1):78-79. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3791.2013.01.057 GAO Xiuwei, SHI Jianying, WANG Ming, et al. Analysis of hydrocarbon genesis and accumulation in Nanbaxian oil and gas field[J]. Science & Technology Information, 2013, 8(1):78-79. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3791.2013.01.057
[26] 蒋有录,翟庆龙,荣启宏,等. 东营凹陷博兴地区油气富集的主要控制因素[J]. 石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2003,27(4):11-14,36. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2003.04.004 JIANG Youlu, ZHAI Qinglong, RONG Qihong, et al. Main factors for controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in south-west part of Dongying Depression[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, China, 2003, 27(4):11-14, 36. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2003.04.004
[27] 曲江秀,高长海,查明. 柴北缘冷湖-南八仙构造带油气运移通道研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(3):24-28. doi:10.3863/j.issn.10002634.2008.03.007 QU Jiangxiu, GAO Changhai, ZHA Ming. Hydrocarbon migration pathway in Lenghu-Nanbaxian structural belt, the northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2008, 30(3):24-28. doi:10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2008.03.007
[28] 罗群,黄捍东,李玉喜. 柴达木盆地北缘浅层滑脱断裂下盘油气富集规律及控藏模式[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 33(3):34-38. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1673-5005.2009.03.007 LUO Qun, HUANG Handong, LI Yuxi. Petroleum accumulating feature and fault controlling petroleum accumulation model on the down block of shallow slip fault in north margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2009, 33(3):34-38. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1673-5005.2009.03.007