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    20 November 1988, Volume 10 Issue 4
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    论文
    SEDIMENTARY CHARACTERISTICS TECTONIC ACTIVITY AND OIL-GAS PROSPECTS OF THE DEEp-WATER DEPOSlTIONAL ENVIRONMENT DURING DEVONIAN AND CARBONIFEROUS PERIODS IN SOUTH CHINA
    Hou Fang-hao Huang Ji-xiang Fang Shao-xian Zhao Jing-song Shen Zhao-guo Dong Zhao-xiong
    1988, 10(4):  1-19.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.001
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    During Devonian and Carboniferous Periods in South China, taphrogeny originated many taphrogenic troughs, thus forming some slope-trough deep-water depositional environments between shallow cabonite platforms in the passive continental margin and the interior continent. The troughs between platforms may be classified as the succesive deep-water trough and the trough developed during Devonian. The slopes of platform margin are classified as by-pass and depositional margin types.The facies characteristics of above-mentioned depositional environments are described in this paper.The tectonic activity of the slope trough environments are deseribed on the basis of regional tectonic background and the directions，groups，volcanic activity，and differential lift or face of faulting.The slope-trough deep-water depositional environments and facies are favourable to the formation，reservoir，migration，trap，accumulation and preservation of oil and gas.

    ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVE MIGRATION ZONE AND THE CROWN OF ABNORMAL PRESSURE
    Li Shau-ji Wang Ting-dong
    1988, 10(4):  20-27.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.002
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    Great advances have recently been made in the understanding of HC migration by numerical simulation. To solve HC migration equations, the key lies in differentiating the effective migration zones (x, y, z, t); the crown of abnormal pressure in the sedimentary formation may be consistent with z, t. In this paper, some queries have also been raised to the validity of "differential entrapment" and "large-area water motive power system"。

    AN INTEGRATION CALCULATION METHOD FOR PETROLEUM AND GAS RESERVES WITH MICROCOMPUTER
    Zhou Nan-xiang Lu Guo-xiang
    1988, 10(4):  28-36.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.003
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    The calculation of oil and gas reserves by volume method has long been made manually by average parameters in our country. This paper is writer s achievement in the design of development and the calculation of reserves in some gas field. Three respects of advances have been made in it: (1)the arithemetic formula has been changed into the integral formula in calculating reserves by volume method; (2) the calculation of reserves has achieved softwarization by microeomputer; (3)the conception of physical property field has been advanced and its characteristics are described by microeomputer. Lt is not only the basis of calculation of reserves but also the basis of numerical simulation of oil and gas fields and their development engineering.The distribution diagram of reserves given in this paper reflects the non-homogeneity of oil and gas deposit，and contributes to well arrangement and dynamic analysis of development.

    ORGANIC MATTER EVOLUTION OF SOURCE ROCKS IN QIANNAN DEPRESSION AND THE DIRECTION OF EXPLORATION
    Yang Chuan-zhong
    1988, 10(4):  37-48.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.004
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    On the basis of the analysis of geological characteristics of source rocks in Qiannan depression, the depression is found to have a good hydrocarbon yielding condition. It is rich in source rocks, the organic matter of which is mainly sapropelic type. It has a good potential of hydrocarbon yielding. According to the degree of maturation of organic matter it can be divided into three regions: low maturation region, medium maturation region and over maturation region. The thermal evolution history of source rocks is
    discussed，and hydrocarbon evolution and structure evolution are analyzed.And finally，some suggestions are made on the direction of exploration.

    GENERAL EXPRESSION OF EVALUTION AND ANALYSIS-MODEL OF MODERN TESTWELL FOR FORMATION DAMAGE OF UNIFORM AND NONUNIFORM RESERVOIRS
    Cheng Sui-min
    1988, 10(4):  49-58.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.005
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    There are many descriptive methods on the formation damage. But their mathematical relations are not clear, and there is not any unified standard.Their basic evalution method is non-steady test well, in which Horner method and curve match method are convenient to the general formation, while for the complicated uniform formation, especially for non-uniform formation, the former doesn t work so often and the latter doesn t obtain the sole resultThis paper gives out the general expression and unified standard of the mathematical relations between skin factor and other parameters of formation damage，and systematically presents a modern test well program for determining formation damage of uniform and non-uniform reservoirs，which also includes a preliminary model of theartificial intelligence，such as analysis basis，purpose，key and reliability.


    VISCOELASTIC EFFECT COEFFICIENT OF THE RETAINED POLYMER MOLECULES IN POROUS MEDIA
    Han Xian-qing
    1988, 10(4):  59-66.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.006
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    Further experimental studies have been made on the viscoelastic effect of retained polymer molecules based on the results reported in Reference (1).The exponential correlation between velocity and time has been found in the pressure draw-down process.Pressure duildup tests have also been conducted and the same correlation has been shown. The definition of the additional residual effect factor in Reference (1) has been modified and redefined as viscoelastic effect coefficient(α)of retained polymer molecules. Comparison has been made between a for the two processes. The effluent concentration data have shown that the physical model for describing the viscoelastic effect mechanism and the comformation changes of the retained polymer molecules is reliable.

    MEASUREMENT OF RELATIVE PERMEABILITY WITH PRESSURE-CONTROLLED CAPILLARY TUBE
    Pei Bai-lin Wu Zhong-xin Peng Ke-zhong
    1988, 10(4):  67-73.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.007
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    This paper presents a new method of steady flow to solve the problem that the injection rate into cores is difficult to get steady, especially for gas in measuring relative permeability. Here, the pressure-controlled capillary tube constant flow apparatus is used rather than micro-injection pump. This method has been proved to be practicable both theoretically and experimentally in this paper.

    DETERMINATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION TYPES OF CAPILLARY PRESSURE CURVES
    Luo Ming-gao
    1988, 10(4):  74-85.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.008
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    Several usual distribution types of capillary pressure curves have been strictly established in the same coordinate system Thereby, different distributions of usual types of capillary pressure curves can be distinguished in the same coordinate system. The key point in determining the distribution of capillary pressure curves is to test the results, in this way, the results cannot be influenced by the personal factor, and multiple answers can be avoided The calculation formulae from normal distribution have been described mathematically.The calculation results have been obtained by using (chi)distribution data.The influence of the difference between typical curves and actual curves upon the results obtained by the normal distribution method is expounded in this paper.The results must be tested by statistical parameters besides hypothesis testing by probability.The bistribution of the curve can be determined correctly not simply by using statistical character parametrs，but by using typical curves fitting actual curves (or data points). The usual difference between the results of the statistical method (momentmethod) and those of normal distribution is also explained here.

    FORECAST OF CONSTANT VOLUME DEPLETION PERFORMANCE OF GAS-CONDENSATE RESERVOIRS
    Hu Xiao-shan
    1988, 10(4):  86-97.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.009
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    This paper presents a method of using PR state equation to evaluate constant volume depletion (CVD) data obtained from experimental analyses of gas condensates and a method for forcasting the constant volume depletion performance of gas-condensate reservoirs from CVD data.

    EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE VANADIUM-COATING PROCESS WITH POWDER ON THE JOURNAL BEARING STEEL OF CONE BITS
    Su Mei-rong Zhao Qing
    1988, 10(4):  98-104.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.010
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    This paper deals mainly with the formulation, processes and microstructure of the diffusion Vanadium-coating with powder on the journal bearing steel of cone bits. The diffusion Vanadium-coating has been observed and analyzed with the scanning electron microscope, the microstructure of the diffusion coating has been identified by X-ray diffractometer, and the mechanism of the formed coating has preliminarily been studied in this paper.

    TEST STUDY OF TRIAXIAL STRESS FOR TWO TYPIC ROCKS UNDER CONFINED PRESSURES
    Zhang Xian-pu Sun Ming-jiu Chen Yon-mei
    1988, 10(4):  105-111.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.011
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    The test study of triaxial stress for two typic rocks, J_c and T_c, under confined pressures is presented in this paper. It is of great significance to the design of bits and the application of bit types. Some available data for the bit design and the application of bit types are obtained through the test.

    DIGITAL SIMULATION FOR CAPACITY OF OIL DEPOT
    Wang Yuan
    1988, 10(4):  112-123.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.012
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    This paper presents an analysis on the capacity of the distribution depot of oil products. The probabilistic method is applied to the data gathered from an operating depot. The digital simulation is used to determine the state parameters of the capacity. It is necessary for the further development of the capacity, and it will lead to gain more gross profits. The program given here is useful for the purpose of such an analysis.

    AN APPROACH TO ELASTIC-PLASTIC STRESS-STRAIN CONCENTRATION RELATION
    Ma Jing-huai
    1988, 10(4):  124-131.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.013
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    Neuber s formula is analyzed in this paper. It is found that Neuber s formula is not an analytical solution even to the antiplane shear loading problem. By using the theory of elastic-plastic fracture, an elastic-plastic stress-strain concentration formula is obtained for antiplane shear loading crack problem of power hardening materials.

    PRECISION LOW-SPEED DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM
    Chen Wei
    1988, 10(4):  132-140.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.014
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    One cheap precision low-speed data acquisition system has been provided in this paper for APPLE Ⅱ microcomputer. There are 3Hz sampling frequency, and 1/20000 precision, and 8 analog input channels in the system. It is applicable under such low-speedenvironment as instrument automatic recording, etc.
    STUDY OF SEDIMENT-LEACHING PROPERTIES IN DRILLING WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY COAGULATION
    Zliang Zhen-xiang Chen-Ji
    1988, 10(4):  141-147.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.015
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    Drilling wastewater treatment by coagulation would make pollutants in water collect in the sediment. This thesis has summed up the leaching experiments of two kinds of sediments at different pH values and temperatures, pointed out there are few pollution in the leaching liquids of sediments because of the effect of the coagulants, and further offered a suggestion for decreasing polution of sediments.


    STUDY OF LIQUIDCHROMATOGRAPHY TEST OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES IN AIR
    Cao Zheng-pin Wang Sheng-de
    1988, 10(4):  148-153.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.016
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    The determination of aldehydesand ketones in air has been studied in this paper. In the method mentioned here, aldehydes and ketones in air are separated and determined by pouring the methanol acidic solution of 2.4 dinitrophenylhydrazine directly into liquidchromatograph. The study manifests that the method is fast, convenient and good in repeatability and separation, and that the accuracy and precision of the test coincides with the demand of the permissible error of microchemical analysis.


    FINDING REACTION EQUATIONS BY TRIAL AND ERROR METHOD WITH MICROCOMPUTER S HELP
    Yang Shi-guang Yin Dai-yi
    1988, 10(4):  154-159.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.017
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    For reaction α A→p, the rate equation is as follows: differential formula: （1） integral formula： （2） （3）Or： （4） （5）
    Obviously ，the plot of vs t (n≠1)or vs t (n = 1)must be a straight line Trying the variable n and using the criterion of correlation coefficient, the best n can be found. Or by substituting the variable n in (3) or (5), and using the criterion of standard deviation, the best n can slao be found,which is just the order of reaction.

    QUANTUM COSMOLOGICAL MODEL OF THE INDUCED GRAVITATION
    Wang Wen-fu
    1988, 10(4):  160-166.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1988.04.018
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    The wave function of the Universe in the WKB approximation is ob tained in this paper. When the induced gravitational constant is chosen as Newton s gravitational constant, the effective scale factor α is the Planck length In the Lorentz regions where U(α, x)<0, the Universe becomes a de Sitter space.