大理大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3): 96-.DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2025. 03. 014

• 教育学-心理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高校毕业生基层就业政策为什么难以奏效?#br# ——基于PMC 指数模型的分析#br#

赵庆年,黄敏仪   

  1. 华南理工大学公共管理学院,广州 510630
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-29 修回日期:2024-12-22 出版日期:2025-03-15 发布日期:2025-04-10
  • 作者简介:赵庆年,教授,博士生导师,主要从事高等教育发展评价与政策、高等教育经济研究。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部后期资助重大项目(21JHQ015)

Why Do Grassroots Employment Policies for University Graduates Struggle to Be Effective?#br# — An Analysis Based on the PMC Index Model#br#

Zhao Qingnian, Huang Minyi   

  1. School of Public Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510630, China
  • Received:2024-11-29 Revised:2024-12-22 Online:2025-03-15 Published:2025-04-10

摘要: 面对我国基层人才紧缺和高校毕业生就业形势严峻的双重挑战,结合供需匹配理论和PMC指数模型对我国基层就业
政策的供需匹配展开研究。通过对我国994名毕业生进行就业需求问卷调查以及对24份基层就业政策文本进行分析,研究发
现基层就业政策的实现效果并非由各政策维度的平均匹配度(0.73)决定,而是受制于政策供需匹配的整体均衡性,当某一需
求的政策供给存在明显“短板”时,政策的整体实施效果将大打折扣。因此,未来基层就业政策应针对现存关键“短板”进行优
化,避免政策设计中再次出现供需错位,从而提升毕业生参与基层就业的意愿与持续性,促进政策效能最大化。

关键词: 高校毕业生, 基层就业, 供需匹配, PMC指数模型

Abstract: Facing the dual challenges of a talent shortage in grassroots areas and the severe employment situation for university
graduates in China, this study explores the supply-demand matching of grassroots employment policies using the Supply-Demand
Matching Theory and the PMC index model. Based on a survey of 994 graduates' employment demands and an analysis of 24 grassroots
employment policy texts, the findings reveal that the effectiveness of these policies is not determined by the average matching degree of
individual policy dimensions (0.73), but by the overall balance of policy supply-demand matching. When a significant "shortcoming"
exists in the policy supply for a particular demand, the overall implementation effectiveness of the policy is considerably compromised.
Therefore, future grassroots employment policies should focus on optimizing identified critical "shortcomings" and avoiding further
supply-demand mismatches in policy design. This would enhance graduates' willingness and sustainability to participate in grassroots
employment and maximize policy effectiveness.

Key words: university graduates, grassroots employment, supply-demand matching, PMC index model

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