气管切开术后气管瘘发生的相关因素及预防措施

J4 ›› 2016, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 32-33.

气管切开术后气管瘘发生的相关因素及预防措施

（云南省第一人民医院，昆明650032）

收稿日期:2015-01-13 出版日期:2016-02-15 发布日期:2016-02-15
作者简介:杨黎，副主任医师，主要从事鼻窦内窥镜手术及整形美容手术研究.

Related Factors of Tracheal Fistula After Tracheotomy and Preventive Measures

（The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China）

Received:2015-01-13 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2016-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的：讨论气管切开术后并发气管瘘患者的好发病因。方法：收集54例气管切开术后发生气管瘘患者的年龄、时间、部
位及有无其他疾病等因素进行分析。结果：气管瘘多发生于65岁以上患者，发生时间多在手术后2周出现，位置以颈段第5-6
环气管前壁最多。合并糖尿病、脑血管意外、呼吸衰竭患者更易出现。结论：为降低气管切开术后气管瘘的发生，手术医师应熟练、仔细完成手术，避免过多损伤组织。手术后精心护理、定期对气囊放气，减轻气管壁的压力，防止气管壁坏死。积极治疗原发病，并辅合理有效的支持治疗。

关键词: 气管切开术, 气管瘘, 预防措施

Abstract:

Objective: To discuss the tracheal fistula after tracheotomy in patients with primary etiology. Methods: Fifty-four cases
were collected after tracheotomy tube fistula. Related factors as patient's age, the time and location of morbidity were studied. Results:Tracheal fistula occurred mostly in patients over the age of 65; the occurrence time was two weeks after the operation; the position was the anterior wall of the 5-6 rings of trachea on the cervical segments. Tracheal fistula was more likely to occur in patients with diabetes,cerebral vascular accident, respiratory failure. Conclusion: To reduce the tracheal fistula after tracheotomy skillful surgeons should conduct the operation carefully to avoid excessive tissue damage. After the operation, regular nursing should be conducted to prevent air bag deflation, relieve the pressure on the tracheal wall, and prevent tracheal wall necrosis. Also active treatment of the original disease should be applied.

Key words: tracheotomy, trachealfistula, preventive measure

中图分类号:

R653

杨黎，邓嘉虹，戚本明. 气管切开术后气管瘘发生的相关因素及预防措施[J]. J4, 2016, 15(2): 32-33.

Yang Li, Deng Jiahong, Qi Benming. Related Factors of Tracheal Fistula After Tracheotomy and Preventive Measures[J]. J4, 2016, 15(2): 32-33.

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