大理大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (2): 95-100.

• 学生园地 • 上一篇    

824例特应性皮炎患者血清过敏原特异性IgE抗体结果分析

代 榆1,石红梅1,倪昌雯2,杨思琪2,黄 玲2,徐 静2*   

  1. (1. 大理大学临床医学院,云南大理 671000; 2.大理大学第一附属医院皮肤科,云南大理 671000)
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-14 修回日期:2023-04-19 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 徐静,主治医师,E-mail:xujing5082@163.com。
  • 作者简介:代榆,2019级临床医学专业本科生。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0701);大理大学大学生科研基金项目(2020110010107)

Analysis of Serum Specific IgE Antibody Results for Allergens in 824 Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Dai Yu1, Shi Hongmei1, Ni Changwen2, Yang Siqi2, Huang Ling2, Xu Jing 2*   

  1. (1. Clinical College, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China; 2. Department of Dermatology,
    The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China)
  • Received:2023-02-14 Revised:2023-04-19 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-24

摘要: 目的:分析大理地区特应性皮炎(AD)患者过敏原检测结果,为该地区AD的预防与诊治提供流行病学资料和临床诊断
依据。方法:收集824例AD患者临床资料,并对血清过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(IgE)检测结果进行统计分析。结果:824例
AD患者中,IgE阳性率为35.44%,其中1项IgE阳性者占22.94%,2项及以上阳性者占12.50%。吸入性过敏原检测结果阳性率
前五名分别为尘螨组合、艾蒿、普通豚草、树木组合、蟑螂;食物性过敏原检测结果阳性率前五名分别为蛋清、牛奶、螃蟹、黄豆、
花生。检测结果阳性率前三位的过敏原在不同年龄段患者中有所不同,婴幼儿组(0~2岁)为牛奶、蛋清、牛肉,学龄前儿童组
(3~6岁)为尘螨组合、蛋清、艾蒿/普通豚草/树木组合,学龄期青少年组(7~18岁)为尘螨组合、蟑螂/艾蒿、螃蟹/普通豚草,青壮
年组(19~45岁)为尘螨组合、蟑螂、艾蒿,中老年组(45岁以上)为艾蒿/普通豚草、尘螨组合、树木组合,随着年龄增大,食物性
过敏原阳性率逐渐降低,蛋清、牛奶、花生、螃蟹、黄豆、牛肉、羊肉/羔羊肉、尘螨组合、艾蒿、蟑螂、猫毛、屋尘、啤酒花在不同年
龄组患者中阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。过敏原特异性IgE的反应强度主要为1~3级。结论:AD患者血清特异性IgE
阳性率较高,以混合型为主,各种过敏原在不同年龄组分布差异显著,可为本地区AD预防及诊治提供指导。

关键词: 特应性皮炎, 特异性IgE抗体, 过敏原, 免疫印迹法

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the results of allergen detection in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) in Dali region, providing
epidemiological data and clinical diagnostic basis for the prevention and treatment of AD in this region. Methods: Clinical data of 824
AD patients were collected, and the results of serum specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) detection for allergens were statistically
analyzed. Results: Among the 824 AD patients, the positive rate of IgE was 35.44%, with 22.94% having one positive item and 12.50%
having two or more positive items. The top five positive rates for inhalant allergens were dust mite mix, mugwort, common ragweed, tree
mix, and cockroach; for food allergens, the top five were egg white, milk, crab, soybean, and peanut. The top three positive allergens
varied among different age groups. In the infants and toddlers group (0-2 years), they were milk, egg white, and beef; in the preschool
children group( 3-6 years), they were dust mite mix, egg white, and mugwort/common ragweed/tree mix; in the school-age adolescents
group (7-18 years), they were dust mite mix, cockroach/mugwort, crab/common ragweed; in the young adults group (19-45 years),
they were dust mite mix, cockroach, and mugwort; in the middle-aged and elderly group (45 years and above), they were mugwort/
common ragweed, dust mite mix, and tree mix. With increasing age, the positive rate of food allergens gradually decreased. Differences
in the positive rates of egg white, milk, peanut, crab, soybean, beef, lamb, dust mite mix, mugwort, cockroach, cat hair, house dust, and
hops among patients in different age groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The reaction intensity of specific IgE to allergens
was mainly in grades 1-3. Conclusion: The positive rate of serum specific IgE in AD patients is relatively high, mainly mixed type.
Various allergens show significant differences in distribution among different age groups, providing guidance for the prevention and
treatment of AD in the local area.

Key words: atopic dermatitis, specific IgE antibody, allergen, Western blotting

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