大理大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 8-13.DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2026. 04. 002

• 眼科专家建议 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童青少年近视临床前期防控专家建议

近视临床前期专家建议工作组   

  • 收稿日期:2025-07-23 修回日期:2026-03-05 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 李才锐,教授,E-mail:lcrbrett@163.com;瞿佳,教授,E-mail:13806898805@163.com。
  • 作者简介:李才锐,大理大学第三附属医院(大理白族自治州人民医院);李仕明,首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院; 宋逸,北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所。
  • 基金资助:
    科技创新平台建设项目(202407AB110003)

Expert Recommendations on the Prevention and Control of Pre-Clinic Myopia in Children and#br# Adolescents

Expert Working Group on Pre-Clinic Myopia Recommendations   

  • Received:2025-07-23 Revised:2026-03-05 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-05-19

摘要: 目的:阐述儿童青少年近视临床前期(PCM)及近视前期(PM)的概念、筛查方法及干预策略,为近视早期防控提供参考。
方法:结合国内外近视防控研究进展及专家临床经验,对PCM和PM的相关定义、检查方法及干预措施进行系统梳理与总结。
结果:PCM及PM均为近视发生的重要窗口期,其中PCM多在未散瞳筛查中发现,较PM出现更早。通过屈光状态、远视储备
量、眼轴长度及相关生物学指标的监测,可实现近视高风险人群的早期识别。针对PCM阶段可采取行为干预、药物干预及光
学干预等综合防控措施,包括增加户外活动时间、改善用眼习惯、应用低浓度阿托品滴眼液及多焦点离焦眼镜等,以延缓近视
发生及眼轴增长。结论:早期识别PCM并实施综合干预措施,对于延缓儿童青少年近视发生、减缓近视进展及降低高度近视
相关并发症风险具有重要意义。

关键词: 近视防控, 近视临床前期, 近视前期, 儿童青少年, 干预, 专家建议

Abstract: Objective:To clarify the concepts, screening methods, and intervention strategies for pre-clinic myopia (PCM) and pre⁃
myopia (PM) in children and adolescents, and to serve as a reference for early myopia prevention and control. Methods: Based on cur⁃
rent research progress in myopia prevention and control and expert clinical experience, the definitions, examination methods, and inter⁃
vention measures for PCM and PM were systematically reviewed and summarized. Results: PCM and PM are both critical stages before
the onset of myopia, with PCM typically detected earlier than PM during non-cycloplegic screening. Monitoring refractive status, hyper⁃
opic reserve, axial length, and related biological indicators can facilitate early identification of children at high risk of myopia. Compre⁃
hensive preventive strategies for PCM include behavioral, pharmacological, and optical interventions, such as increasing outdoor activity
time, improving visual habits, using low-concentration atropine eye drops, and wearing multifocal defocus spectacles, thereby de⁃
laying myopia onset and axial elongation. Conclusion: Early identification of PCM and implementation of comprehensive interventions
are of great significance for delaying myopia onset, slowing myopia progression, and reducing the risk of high-myopia-related complica⁃
tions in children and adolescents.

Key words: myopia prevention and control, pre-clinic myopia, pre-myopia, children and adolescents, intervention, expert recom?
mendations

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