胎儿颈项透明层与鼻骨早期筛查在临床中的应用

›› 2018, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (4): 80-83.

胎儿颈项透明层与鼻骨早期筛查在临床中的应用

（1.皖南医学院附属弋矶山医院，安徽芜湖241000；2.马鞍山市妇幼保健院，安徽马鞍山243000）

收稿日期:2017-12-06 修回日期:2018-02-07 出版日期:2018-04-15 发布日期:2018-04-15
通讯作者: 江峰，主任医师．
作者简介:王园园，医师，主要从事产前超声筛查及妇科研究.

The Clinical Application of Ultrasound Screening of Nuchal Translucency and Nasal Bone in the Early Pregnancy

（1. Yijishan Hospital of Wangnan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China; 2. Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Care
Hospital, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243000, China）

Received:2017-12-06 Revised:2018-02-07 Online:2018-04-15 Published:2018-04-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的：探讨胎儿颈项透明层增厚与鼻骨缺失联合检查在早期超声（11~13+6 周）中的应用及临床价值。方法：选取2016年1月至2017年5月到马鞍山市妇幼保健院行早期产前筛查的孕妇，共获取单胎有效病例5 637例。经腹部彩超观察胎儿有无颈项透明层增厚（≥2.5 mm为增厚），有无鼻骨缺失与染色体核型分析及出生后随访相结合进行比较分析。结果：5 637例中，鼻骨缺失和/或胎儿颈项透明层增厚共131例，胎儿颈项透明层增厚86例，鼻骨缺失55例，其中胎儿颈项透明层增厚合并鼻骨缺失10例。胎儿颈项透明层增厚染色体异常率11.62%，胎儿颈项透明层正常染色体异常率0.25% ，两者相较P＜0.01。鼻骨缺失染色体异常率23.63%，鼻骨存在染色体异常0.39%，两者相较P＜0.01 。鼻骨缺失合并胎儿颈项透明层增厚中7例染色体异常，检出率为70%。结论：鼻骨缺失和胎儿颈项透明层增厚是早期产前筛查染色体异常的重要指标，其以21三体临床意义较大。

关键词: 颈项透明层, 鼻骨, 染色体, 结构, 早期超声

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the application and clinical value of the combined examination of NT thickening and nasal bone loss in the early prenatal（11~13+6 weeks）ultrasound screening. Methods: From January 2016 to May 2017, 5 637 cases of effective single fetus were obtained from early prenatal screening in Yijishan Hospital. A comparative analysis was made between the observation of NT thickening（≥2.5 mm）and nasal bone loss by abdominal color Doppler ultrasound and chromosome karyotype analysis in combination with postnatal follow-up. Results: In the 5 637 cases, there were 131 cases with nasal bone loss and / or NT thickening, 86 cases with NT thickening, and 55 cases with an absent nasal bone of which there were 10 cases with NT thickness combined with absence of nasal bone. The abnormal rate of chromosome abnormalities in NT was 11.62%, and the normal chromosome abnormalities rate of NT was 0.25%. When compared, the significant difference was P< 0.01. The abnormal rate of chromosome in the nasal bone loss was 23.63%, and the chromosomal abnormality was 0.39% in the nasal bone. When compared, the significant difference was P< 0.01. 7 cases of chromosomal abnormalities were found in the absence of nasal bone and NT thickeness, and the rate of examination was 70%. Conclusion: Nasal bone loss and NT thickening are important indexes of early prenatal ultrasound screening of chromosomal abnormalities with clinical significance of trisomy 21.

Key words: nuchal translucency, nasal bone, chromosome, structure, ultrasound screening of the first trimester

中图分类号:

R445.1

王园园, 葛群, 胡国兵, 江峰. 胎儿颈项透明层与鼻骨早期筛查在临床中的应用[J]. , 2018, 3(4): 80-83.

WANG Wan-Wan, GE Qun, HU Guo-Bing, JIANG Feng. The Clinical Application of Ultrasound Screening of Nuchal Translucency and Nasal Bone in the Early Pregnancy[J]. , 2018, 3(4): 80-83.

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