西南石油大学学报(社会科学版)

• 经济学与管理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

宏观经济生产绩效视野中的劳动力供给研究——兼析我国二胎政策的经济基础

马赞甫 刘妍珺   

  1. 贵州财经大学 a. 贵州省经济系统仿真重点实验室;b. 数学与统计学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
  • 出版日期:2016-07-01 发布日期:2016-07-01
  • 作者简介:马赞甫(1975–),男(汉族),湖南隆回人,副教授,博士,研究方向:数据包络分析、博弈论
  • 基金资助:

    教育部人文社会科学基金项目“生产函数的 DEA 估计 基于包络曲线的视角”(12YJC790140);国家社会科学基金项目“我国劳动资本分配格局研究”(12BJY012)。

A Study on Labor Supply from the Perspective of Macroeconomic Production Performance ——And An Analysis of Economic Foundation of the Two-Child Policy in China

MA Zanfu LIU Yanjun   

  1. Guizhou University of Finance and Economics: a. Key Laboratory of Economics System Simulation; b. School of Mathematics and Statistics,Guiyang Guizhou,550025,China
  • Online:2016-07-01 Published:2016-07-01

摘要:

我国国民经济生产中的劳动力投入具有中性指标属性,且随指标数量的变化而发生属性转换。利用数据三分类绩效评价标准的数据包络分析方法评价我国 1978—2014 年间的宏观经济生产绩效,考察我国劳动力的供求状况,采用定量方式识别我国劳动力市场供求的变化状况。研究发现,若经济总量较小,人均资本存量较低,劳动力需求相应较少,往往导致劳动力过剩现象,反之则出现劳动力供不应求状况。实证结果表明,我国宏观经济生产具有明显的阶段特征,其中:1978—1994 年间为第一阶段,而 1995—2014 年则为第二阶段。换言之,我国劳动力供给状况在 1994 年前后出现明显区别,1994 年以前表现为供过于求;而 1994 年以后,在经济增长与人口计划生育双重影响下,我国人均资本存量增长迅猛,劳动力供求状况发生根本性变化,从而构成国家实施二胎人口政策的经济基础。

关键词: 人口政策, 二胎政策, 劳动力供需, 数据包络分析法, 宏观经济生产绩效

Abstract:

The attribute of labor input indicator in China’s national economy production is a neutral indicator,which converts with the change of the number of indicators. China’s macroeconomic performance during 1978—2014 is evaluated by means of data envelopment analysis in this study to investigate China’s labor supply and demand,and to determine its changes in quantitative terms. When the economic aggregate is small and per capita capital stock is lower,the labor demand is relatively less,which will lead to labor surplus. Otherwise,there will be a shortage of labor supply. The results of the research reveals that the macroeconomic production in China falls into clear stages: 1978 to 1995 is the first stage,and 1995 to 2014 the second stage. In other words,labor supply in China differs significantly before and after 1994. Before 1994,labor supply exceeded demand;after 1994,under the dual influences of economic growth and family planning policy,the per-capita capital stock has grown rapidly,and fundamental changes in labor supply and demand occurred,which has consequently built the economic foundation for the implementation of the two-child policy.

Key words: population policy, the two-child policy, labor supply and demand, data envelopment analysis method, macroeconomic production performance

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