Abstract: In the history of China,the Three Kingdoms period and the Five Dynasties were times of unrest and separation, during which the North and South regimes launched a fierce competition around the Shu Roads. Through the comparative study of the battles for the Shu Roads in the Three Kingdoms period and in the Five Dynasties period,we can find that the battles are very frequent in both periods,which is rare in the history of China. The frequency of the use of the Shu Roads in the Three Kingdoms period was relatively average,while the Old Course and the Bull Road were favored most in the Five Dynasties. The battles in the Three Kingdoms period often started in one road while those in the Five Dynasties started in several roads. The main reasons are as follows:the Qin and Han Dynasties attached high importance to the construction of Shu Roads,so that the Shu Roads in Three Kingdoms period were in good condition;as the official post road in Sui and Tang Dynasties,the Old Course served well for the march of army troops in war. The Old Course in the Five Dynasties had more military advantages than in the Three Kingdoms period,as Chang'an was the base for the war against Shu in the Three Kingdoms period,while in the Five Dynasties,Fengxiang was the base.

Key words: the Three Kingdoms period, Five Dynasties, battles, the Shu Roads, military geography