Abstract: Petroleum，regarded as an important strategic material concerning national security，stands out among a variety of factors influencing the Sino-U.S. relations. Thus，the game for petroleum security will certainly arise due to different strategies taken by China and the U. S. A. As a result，America is considered as the most important international environment when the petroleum security is carried out in China. The solution of the problem of Chinese petroleum security, therefore, will certainly be affected by Sino-U.S. relations including interactive petroleum relations between the two countries. Given the complexity and interaction of the two countries′ interests, so it is suggested that consultation and cooperation in petroleum security should be reinforced. To participate in International Energy Agency is the best cooperation model for China at present.

Key words: petroleum security strategy, international relations, Sino-U.S. game, International Energy Agency, strategic petroleum reserve