西南石油大学学报(自然科学版)

• 地质勘探 •    下一篇

时频域动态反褶积方法研究

王元君1,周怀来1,2,3   

  1. 1. 成都理工大学地球物理学院,四川成都610059
    2.“油气藏地质及开发工程”国家重点实验室·成都理工大学,四川成都610059
    3. 成都理工大学“地球探测与信息技术”教育部重点实验室,四川成都610059
  • 出版日期:2015-02-01 发布日期:2015-02-01
  • 通讯作者: 周怀来,E-mail:zhouhuailai06@cdut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41204091);四川省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(2011GZ0244)。

Research of Dynamic Deconvolution Method in Time-frequency Domain

Wang Yuanjun1, Zhou Huailai1,2,3   

  1. 1. College of Geophysics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir
    Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;3. Key Lab of Earth Exploration & Information
    Techniques of Ministry of Education,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China
  • Online:2015-02-01 Published:2015-02-01

摘要:

大多数提高地震资料分辨率的反褶积方法都基于传统静态褶积模型,这与非均匀介质中的地震子波实际传播
规律不符。因此,在动态褶积模型基础上,结合地震波在地层中的吸收衰减特性,提出一种基于时频域的动态反褶积
方法。该方法将广义S 变换良好的多分辨特性引入到地震资料动态反褶积处理中,首先将非平稳地震记录的广义S
变换近似表示为静态震源子波的傅里叶变换、复数值时频衰减函数与反射系数广义S 变换的乘积,再采用多项式拟合
的方法对非平稳地震记录时频谱进行平滑处理,从而可估算动态传播子波和地层反射系数。本文方法不需要直接求
取Q 值,能够适用于变Q 值情况。理论模型和三维实际资料处理结果表明,该方法不仅能改善地震资料的分辨率,还
能有效补偿深部地层吸收所引起的能量衰减。

关键词: 广义S 变换, 振幅谱, 动态反褶积, 地震分辨率, 吸收衰减

Abstract:

Most methods for improving the resolution of seismic data are usually based on the traditional static convolution
model,which are inconsistent with the actual propagation law of seismic wavelet in inhomogeneous media. Therefore,based on
the dynamic convolution model,this paper combines attenuation and absorption characteristics of seismic wave,and proposes a
dynamic deconvolution method based on time-frequency domain. This method introduces the good multi-resolution characteristic
of GST(generalized S transform)into the processing procedure of dynamic deconvolution for seismic data. Firstly,GST
of non-stationary seismic records can be approximately presented as the product of Fourier transform of static source wavelet,
time-frequency attenuation function and GST of the reflection coefficient. And then we use polynomial fitting to smooth the
time-frequency spectral of non-stationary seismic records,thus dynamic propagation wavelet and the reflection coefficient of
formation can be estimated. The method of this paper does not need calculate the value of Q directly,and it is applicable in the
situation that the value of Q is changed. The processed results for both theoretical model and real 3D seismic data validate that
this method not only can improve the resolution of the seismic data,but also can compensate efficiently the energy attenuation
caused by deep formation absorption.

Key words: generalized S transform, amplitude spectrum, dynamic deconvolution, seismic resolution, absorption attenuation