储层流体可动性在油田开发中的应用及展望

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2022.06.18.02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 储层微观孔喉内流体可动性研究对于储层的精确评价和油藏的高效开发具有重要意义，是油气藏提高采收率的必要条件。依据研究对象的差异性，将孔喉流体可动性的研究方法分为矿物成分、孔隙结构及流体动用3个维度。核磁共振技术能够快速准确地确定可动流体饱和度、可动流体孔隙度和束缚水饱和度等常用的可动流体参数，进而有效地对各类油气储层进行流体评价和产能预测。目前，国内外各大油田均采用核磁共振与其他实验手段相结合的方法来确定储层内流体的动用规律，并在致密砂砾岩、碳酸盐岩、煤层和油页岩等不同类型储层中取得了良好的应用效果。另外，为了达到对不同类型油气资源的有效勘探和高效开发，必须明确储层内流体可动性的控制因素。在已有研究成果的基础上，流体可动性控制因素可以分为宏观和微观两方面，其中，宏观因素主要包括沉积环境、成岩作用和岩相类型；微观因素主要包括孔喉结构、储层物性、矿物成分及水膜厚度等。目前，虽然流体可动性研究方法的种类已较为丰富，并且在不同类型油气资源的评价中取得了良好的应用效果，但是，在其应用的广度和精度上还需要进一步深入研究与探索，在后续的发展中可综合应用孔隙网络模型、油藏数值模拟、多参数评价指标以及联立地球化学参数等新思路和新方法，深入揭示微观孔喉流体可动性的渗流机理，不断提高可动流体综合评价的精度，为油藏开发方案的合理制定提供地质依据，推动石油行业的高效发展。

关键词: 流体可动性, 研究方法, 影响因素, 致密储层, 核磁共振技术

Abstract: The study on fluid mobility in micro-pore-throat is of great significance for accurate evaluation and efficient development of the reservoir, and it is also the necessary basis for enhanced oil recovery of oil-gas reservoir. According to the differences of research objects, the research methods of fluid mobility in pore throats are divided into three dimensions: mineral composition, pore structure and fluid production. NMR technology can quickly and accurately determine the commonly used movable fluid parameters such as movable fluid saturation, movable fluid porosity and irreducible water saturation, and then effectively evaluate and predict the productivity of various oil and gas reservoirs. At present, the major oil fields at home and abroad have adopted the method of combining NMR with other experimental means to determine the production law of fluid in the reservoir, and have achieved good application results in different types of reservoirs such as tight glutenite, carbonate rock, coal seam and oil shale. In addition, in order to achieve effective exploration and development of different types of oil and gas resources, it is necessary to clarify the control factors of fluid mobility in the reservoir. Based on the existing research results, the control factors of fluid mobility can be divided into macro and micro aspects. The macro factors include sedimentary environment, diagenesis and lithofacies type, while the micro factors include pore throat structure, reservoir physical properties, mineral composition, water film thickness and other factors. At present, although the research methods of fluid mobility have been abundant and have achieved good application results in the evaluation of different types of oil and gas resources, further research and exploration are needed for greater accuracy and wider coverage in its application. In the future development, new ideas and methods such as pore network model, reservoir numerical simulation, multi parameter evaluation index, simultaneous geochemical parameters and so on can be comprehensively applied so as to deeply reveal the percolation mechanism of movable fluid in the micro-pore-throat, and continuously improve the accuracy of comprehensive evaluation of movable fluid, to provide geological basis for the rational formulation of reservoir development plan, and to promote the efficient development of the petroleum industry.

Key words: fluid mobility, research methods, influencing factors, tight reservoirs, NMR technology

中图分类号:

TE348

谭锋奇, 马春苗, 黎宪坤, 静禹钱. 储层流体可动性在油田开发中的应用及展望[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2024, 46(1): 1-20.

TAN Fengqi, MA Chunmiao, LI Xiankun, JING Yuqian. Application and Prospect of Fluid Mobility in Oilfield Development[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2024, 46(1): 1-20.

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