海上压裂船柴油发动机三维耦合振动分析与结构优化

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2025.09.16.06

西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 143-156.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2025.09.16.06

• 海上大型压裂船技术专刊 • 上一篇下一篇

海上压裂船柴油发动机三维耦合振动分析与结构优化

张万春¹, 唐洋^2,3, 向上^2,3, 李洋¹, 李栋¹, 杨海¹

1. 中海油田服务股份有限公司, 天津滨海新区 300459;
2. 西南石油大学机电工程学院, 四川成都 610500;
3. 油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室·西南石油大学, 四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2025-09-16 发布日期:2026-03-09
通讯作者: 张万春,E-mail:zhangwch7@cosl.com.cn
作者简介:张万春，1987年生，男，汉族，四川巴中人，高级工程师，主要从事储层改造及压裂船关键技术研究等工作。E-mail： zhangwch7@cosl.com.cn
唐洋，1988年生，男，汉族，四川遂宁人，教授，主要从事设备完整性、油气装备现代化设计与仿真，天然气水合物开采等研究。E-mail：tangyanggreat@126.com
向上，2000年生，女，汉族，四川广汉人，硕士，主要从事油气装备现代化设计与仿真方面的工作。E-mail： 17713710306@163.com
李洋，1991年生，男，汉族，河北任丘人，工程师，主要从事海洋石油装备运维管理工作。E-mail：liyang93@cosl.com.cn
李栋，1989年生，男，汉族，山东栖霞人，工程师，主要从事海洋石油装备运维管理工作。E-mail：lidong23@cosl.com.cn
杨海，1992年生，男，汉族，四川达州人，工程师，主要从事海上油气增产方面的研究工作。E-mail：yanghai6@cosl.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2024ZD1403800）

Three-Dimensional Coupled Vibration Analysis and Structural Optimization of Diesel Engines for Offshore Fracturing Vessels

ZHANG Wanchun¹, TANG Yang^2,3, XIANG Shang^2,3, LI Yang¹, LI Dong¹, YANG Hai¹

1. China Oilfield Services Limited, Binhai New Area, Tianjin 300459, China;
2. School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

Received:2025-09-16 Published:2026-03-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 曲轴作为海上压裂船柴油机的核心部件，在长期高速运转及制造误差导致的质量不平衡条件下，容易产生振动并影响发动机运行可靠性。以第二缸点火工况为研究前提，建立曲轴有限元模型，系统分析其静力学特性与振动性能。通过模态分析获得曲轴前六阶固有频率及对应振型，揭示低阶模态在共振条件下可能引起的显著变形；进一步进行谐响应分析和随机振动分析，确定曲轴在外载荷作用下的动态响应特征及应力集中区域。基于拓扑优化的轻量化设计结果表明，曲轴质量由37.7 kg减至19.3 kg，减重约48.8%，同时第一阶固有频率由545.36 Hz升至560.32 Hz，提高约10.3%，有效避开共振区间并降低曲轴失效风险。本研究为压裂船柴油机曲轴的结构优化、轻量化设计及振动可靠性提升提供了理论依据和工程参考。

关键词: 曲轴, 随机振动, 模态分析, 拓扑优化, 动态特性

Abstract: As a critical component of offshore fracturing vessel diesel engines, the crankshaft is prone to vibration due to long-term high-speed operation and mass imbalance caused by manufacturing tolerances, both of which can compromise engine reliability. This study established a finite element model of the crankshaft, taking the firing condition of the second cylinder as the working scenario, to systematically investigate its static and dynamic characteristics. Modal analysis was conducted to determine the first six natural frequencies and their associated mode shapes. This revealed that low-order modes could cause significant deformation under resonance conditions. Furthermore, harmonic response and random vibration analyses were performed to identify regions of dynamic response and stress concentration under external loads. The results of the topology-based lightweight design indicate that the mass of the crankshaft was reduced from 37.7 kg to 19.3 kg (a weight reduction of approximately 48.8%), while the first natural frequency increased from 545.36 Hz to 560.32 Hz (a rise of 10.3%). This effectively avoids resonance and mitigates the risk of failure. This study provides theoretical guidance and an engineering reference for optimising the structure, lightweight design, and enhancing its vibration reliability in the context of crankshafts in offshore fracturing vessel diesel engines.

Key words: crankshaft, random vibration, mode analysis, topology optimization, dynamic characteristics

中图分类号:

P624
TE357

张万春, 唐洋, 向上, 李洋, 李栋, 杨海. 海上压裂船柴油发动机三维耦合振动分析与结构优化[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 48(1): 143-156.

ZHANG Wanchun, TANG Yang, XIANG Shang, LI Yang, LI Dong, YANG Hai. Three-Dimensional Coupled Vibration Analysis and Structural Optimization of Diesel Engines for Offshore Fracturing Vessels[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2026, 48(1): 143-156.

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海上压裂船柴油发动机三维耦合振动分析与结构优化

Three-Dimensional Coupled Vibration Analysis and Structural Optimization of Diesel Engines for Offshore Fracturing Vessels

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