微支化微交联聚丙烯酰胺的合成及性能研究

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2017.01.13.02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在聚合物驱实施过程中，机械降解，造成聚合物黏度下降，从而影响最终采收率。为提高聚合物工作黏度，提高抗剪切性能，对分子结构进行了合理设计，引入甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯（DMAEMA）功能单体。以过硫酸铵（APS）和DMAEMA为引发体系，在水溶液中采用常规自由基聚合制备了一系列具有微支化微交联结构的聚丙烯酰胺。其中，DMAEMA上氮邻位的仲碳上可形成引发活性点，进一步引发自由基聚合形成支链，链端自由基通过耦合终止形成交联结构。采用红外光谱研究了微支化微交联聚丙烯酰胺的结构，通过对聚合物溶液的性能测试探究了不同引发剂配比对聚合物性能的影响。结果表明，采用DMAEMA作为还原剂参与了聚合反应，体系中形成了微交联结构，聚合物的黏度及剪切稳定性随DMAEMA含量的增加而提高；DMAEMA同时具有链转移作用，含量过大时聚合产物分子量降低，剪切稳定性下降。

关键词: 聚丙烯酰胺, 微交联, 粘均分子量, 溶液黏度, 剪切稳定性

Abstract: Mechanical degradation during polymer flooding causes the viscosity of the polymers to decrease, thus affecting the ultimate recovery rate. To improve the working viscosity and shear stability of the polymers, we rationally designed molecular structures by introducing dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as a functional monomer into these molecular structures. A series of partially branched and partially crosslinked polyacrylamides were prepared via conventional free radical polymerization in aqueous solution, using ammonium persulfate and DMAEMA as the initiating system. In particular, the secondary carbons adjacent to the nitrogen of DMAEMA can act as active points to induce the formation of side chains through free radical polymerization. The terminal free radicals of these chains then terminate through coupling to form crosslinked structures. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the structure of the partially branched and partially crosslinked polyacrylamides, and the effects of different initiator ratios on the performance of the polymers were investigated by examining the polymer properties. The results indicated that the use of DMAEMA as a reducing agent in the polymerization causes partial crosslinking within the polymer structure, and consequently, the viscosity and shear stability of the polymers increase with the DMAEMA content. However, as DMAEMA also acts as a chain transfer agent, the molecular weight of the polymerization products decreases when excessive quantities of DMAEMA are used, which in turn decreases the shear stability.

Key words: polyacrylamide, partial crosslinking, viscosity-average molecular weight, solution viscosity, shear stability

中图分类号:

祝仰文. 微支化微交联聚丙烯酰胺的合成及性能研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 39(2): 179-184.

ZHU Yangwen. Synthesis and Performance of Partially Branched and Partially Crosslinked Polyacrylamides[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 39(2): 179-184.

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