油基泥浆下深层储层裂缝表征及有效性评价

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2024.04.30.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 库车地区发育典型的裂缝性致密砂岩储层，岩性致密，孔隙度低，裂缝是否有效是好储层形成的关键因素。因此，如何准确识别裂缝及评价其有效性是油田勘探开发面临的首要问题。由于钻井工程的需要，库车地区大部分井采用油基泥浆钻井。油基泥浆导电性能差，且早期的油基泥浆电成像测井仪器受分辨率限制，很难有效识别裂缝，因此，利用油基泥浆电成像测井仪与超声成像仪相结合进行构造的提取与不同张开度裂缝的拾取，可有效解决层理与裂缝精细识别问题。介绍了利用非传导泥浆地质成像仪识别裂缝方法，并系统分析裂缝面法向应力、裂缝走向与最大主应力夹角与产能的关系，建立了库车地区评价油基泥浆裂缝有效性的定量标准。在实际应用中，本套裂缝精细识别及有效性评价方法可有效地指导生产作业措施，为裂缝性致密油气藏的评价与开发提供技术手段。

关键词: 油基泥浆, 致密砂岩, 电成像测井, 裂缝面法向应力, 有效性评价

Abstract: The Kuqa Area is a typical fractured tight sandstone reservoir with dense lithology and low porosity. Validity of fractures is a key factor in the formation of a good reservoir. Therefore, how to accurately identify fractures and evaluate their effectiveness is the primary problem in oilfield exploration and development. Due to the needs of drilling engineering, most wells in the Kuqa Area are drilled with oil-based mud. The electrical conductivity of oil-based mud is poor, and it is difficult to effectively identify fractures with early oil-based mud electrical imaging logging tools due their low resolution. Therefore, the combination of oil-based mud electrical imaging logging tools (EI) and ultrasonic imaging tools (UXPL) can be used to extract structures and pick up fractures with different opening degrees, effectively solving the problem of fine identification of bedding and fractures. This article also introduces the method of using non-conductive mud geological imaging (NGI) to identify fractures, and systematically analyzes the relationship between normal stress on the fracture surface, the angle between fracture direction and maximum principal stress, and production capacity. A quantitative standard for evaluating the effectiveness of oil-based mud fractures in the Kuqa Area is established. In practical applications, this set of crack fine identification of fracture and effectiveness evaluation methods effectively guides production operation measures and provides technical means for the evaluation and development of fractured tight oil and gas reservoirs.

Key words: oil-based mud, tight sandstone, electrical imaging, fracture normal stress, effectiveness evaluation

中图分类号:

TE122

杨凤来, 陈蓉, 周庆, 王俊, 代力. 油基泥浆下深层储层裂缝表征及有效性评价[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2024, 46(4): 51-64.

YANG Fenglai, CHEN Rong, ZHOU Qing, WANG Jun, DAI Li. Characterization and Effectiveness Evaluation of Deep Reservoir Fractures Under Oil-based Mud[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2024, 46(4): 51-64.

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