西非下刚果盆地中新统深海水道构型样式及沉积过程

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2025.02.28.02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 下刚果盆地发育大规模深海水道沉积，是主要的油气储层类型。针对其内部水道单元叠置样式及迁移模式尚不明晰问题，开展了深水水道构型模式研究。研究利用三维地震资料及RGB分频属性融合技术，在沉积构型模式驱动下，厘清了不同水道构型级次沉积特征，还原了研究区浊积水道沉积过程。研究取得以下认识：研究区发育下切式限制性水道体系，内部发育3期摆动切叠的复合水道，底部复合水道平面顺直，内部单一水道垂向切叠，中部复合水道平面为低弯曲条带，内部单一水道侧向切叠，顶部复合水道平面高弯曲摆动，内部单一水道侧向接触或孤立。3期复合水道对应侵蚀底形、主体沉积以及晚期废弃3个阶段，储层形成于水道主体沉积阶段。研究明确了不同水道构型单元的沉积特征及叠置样式，建立了研究区深海水道沉积过程，对于同类型油藏的开发策略及高效生产有着重要的地质理论意义。

关键词: 下刚果盆地, 深海水道, 构型模式, 沉积过程, RGB分频融合

Abstract: The Lower Congo Basin has developed large-scale deep-water channel deposits, which are the primary type of hydrocarbon reservoirs. To address the unclear understanding of the internal channel unit stacking patterns and migration modes, a study on deep-water channel deposition models was conducted. This research utilized three-dimensional seismic data and RGB spectral decomposition attribute fusion techniques to investigate the sedimentary characteristics of different channel architectural levels and reconstructed the depositional process of turbidite channels in the study area. The key findings are as follows: the study area is characterized by a down-stepping confined channel system, comprising three phases of aggradational and progradational complex channels. The lower complex channels exhibit planar straight geometries with vertically stacked individual channels, while the middle complex channels form low-sinusosity belts with laterally stacked individual channels. The upper complex channels show high-sinusosity and meandering planar geometries, with individual channels laterally connected or isolated. These three phases of compound channels correspond to three stages: erosional base, main deposition, and late abandonment. Reservoir formation occurred during the main depositional stage of the channel system. This study clarifies the sedimentary characteristics and stacking patterns of different channel architectural units, and establishes a depositional model for deep-water channels in the study area. The findings hold significant geological implications for the development strategies and efficient production of similar hydrocarbon reservoirs.

Key words: Lower Congo Basin, deep-sea channel, constitutive patterns, sedimentary processes, RGB spectral decomposition fusion

中图分类号:

TE122

曹树春, 刘飞, 卜范青, 齐明明, 管红. 西非下刚果盆地中新统深海水道构型样式及沉积过程[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 47(3): 65-75.

CAO Shuchun, LIU Fei, BU Fanqing, QI Mingming, GUAN Hong. Architectural Styles and Depositional Processes of Cenozoic Deep-water Channels in the Lower Congo Basin, West Africa[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2025, 47(3): 65-75.

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