Abstract: Due to the absorption of the earth viscoelastic medium, the seismic wave propagates in the formation, which will cause the phase distortion of the wavelet and the attenuation of the high-frequency components. It cannot satisfy the requirements of the description of geological phenomena such as thin sand bodies, small faults and unconformity surfaces on the amplitude fidelity and resolution of seismic data. The stationary-phase viscoelastic prestack time migration method for rugged topography is based on the floating datum hypothesis. The method aims at compensating absorption attenuation along the propagation path of seismic wave. By introducing the equivalent \begin{document}$Q$\end{document} value, we propose the calculation method for dip gather of rugged topography, and control migration noise by the human-computer interaction picking up the Fresnel zone, realize the stationary-phase viscoelastic prestack time migration technical process for rugged topography, recover the high frequency components of the seismic wave attenuation, and achieves the purpose of improving the seismic imaging resolution. The obvious high-resolution processing results are obtained in the application of actual seismic data in the Junggar Basin.

Key words: rugged topography, stationary-phase viscoelastic migration, resnel zone, equivalent $Q$, Junggar Basin, resolution