西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 175-182.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.06.01.01

• PETROLEUM MACHINERY AND OILFIELD CHEMISTRY • Previous Articles    

An Experimental Investigation of H2S Production by Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction in Heavy Oil

MA Qiang1, LIN Riyi1, HAN Chaojie2, YUAN Gaoliang3, YU Wanmin3   

  1. 1. College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China;
    2. Weifang Municipal Engineering Design Research Institute Co. Ltd., Weifang, Shandong 261061, China;
    3. Linyi Yangguang Heating Power Ltd., Linyi, Shandong 273411, China
  • Received:2018-06-01 Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

Abstract: The mechanism of H2S formation during heavy oil recovery by steam injection was investigated by reacting five sulfates (Na2SO4, CaSO4, MgSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, and Al2(SO4)3) with heavy oil via thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR). Significant variations were observed in the production of H2S depending on the type of sulfate reacting with the heavy oil, as the number of charges carried by the sulfate cation governed the ease of the TSR reaction. More strongly charged sulfate cations facilitated the TSR reaction. The H2S yields of the sulfates followed the order:Al2(SO4)3 > Fe2(SO4)3 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > Na2SO4. However, the hydrocarbon yields were as follows:Fe2(SO4)3 > Al2(SO4)3 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > Na2SO4. Fe2(SO4)3 is unique among the sulfates as it can react with H2S due to its oxidizing property. The solid-state Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses showed that FeS2 was present in addition to several metal oxides (CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, and Al2O3). Finally, the sulfur content of the oil phase with the TSR reaction of MgSO4 was analyzed, and it was demonstrated that the post-TSR sulfur content of the oil phase was higher than that of crude oil. This confirmed that inorganic sulfur was converted to organic sulfur during the TSR reaction in heavy oil.

Key words: heavy oil, TSR, H2S, thermochemistry, mechanism

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