Numerical Calculation of Multi-field Damage Coupling Fracture Initiation Pressure for Ultra-deep and Extra-deep Carbonate Reservoirs

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2024.06.06.01

Abstract

Abstract: Ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs are characterized with high initiation pressure, leading to difficulties in fractures initiating. Acid can react with the reservoir matrix, enhancing porosity, increasing permeability, and deteriorating the mechanical properties of the rock, thereby reducing the initiation pressure. However, there lacks accurate calculation methods of fracture initiation pressure for acid-damaged carbonate reservoirs, making it challenging to design initiation pressure reduction measures. This study tested the dynamic Young$'$s modulus of cores after drilling fluid immersion and acid displacement, establishing a damage evolution equation for carbonate rocks under different fluid disturbance states. In addition, a numerical calculation model was established to couple flow, chemical, and stress-damage fields during acid fracturing to estimate the fracture initiation pressure. The results indicate that when both drilling fluid and acid fluid are affected, for reservoirs with a porosity below 4.32% and an acidizing time less than 4.08 minutes, the damage factor is below 0, which means that it is unable to mitigate the increase in Young's modulus caused by drilling fluid. During the operation of ``acid displacement of wellbore + acid immersion damage+ acid fracturing", the 8 833 m section of Well P1 reached the fracture initiation condition at the 73rd minute with the damage factor of 0.301 and fracture initiation pressure decrease of 29 MPa; as a result, this well was opened successfully. The calculation deviation of the model ranged from 1% to 5%, resulting in an improved accuracy of 3 to 10 percentage points when compared to traditional analytical models, this indicates that the model is particularly valuable for the calculation of fracture initiation pressure and designing acid damage measures in the Dengying Formation, as well as in similar carbonate reservoirs.

Key words: carbonate rocks, ultra-deep and extra-deep reservoirs, acid damage, fracture initiation pressure, technology of reducing fracture initiation pressure

CLC Number:

GUO Jianchun, GUAN Chencheng, REN Jichuan, GOU Bo, ZENG Ji. Numerical Calculation of Multi-field Damage Coupling Fracture Initiation Pressure for Ultra-deep and Extra-deep Carbonate Reservoirs[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2024, 46(4): 85-96.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/EN/10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2024.06.06.01

http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/EN/Y2024/V46/I4/85

References

[1] 杨雨，文龙，谢继容，等. 四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩天然气勘探进展与方向[J]. 中国石油勘探， 2020， 25（3）： 44-55. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.03.005 YANG Yu, WEN Long, XIE Jirong, et al. Progress and direction of marine carbonate gas exploration in Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(3): 44– 55. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.03.005
[2] 邹才能，赵群，王红岩，等. 中国海相页岩气主要特征及勘探开发主体理论与技术[J]. 天然气工业， 2022， 42（8）： 1-13. doi： 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2022.08.001 ZOU Caineng, ZHAO Qun, WANG Hongyan, et al. The main characteristics of marine shale gas and the theory & technology of exploration and development in China[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2022, 42(8): 1–13. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2022.08.001
[3] 汪泽成，施亦做，文龙，等. 用超级盆地思维挖掘四川盆地油气资源潜力的探讨[J]. 石油勘探与开发， 2022， 49（5）： 847-858. doi： 10.11698/PED.20220133 WANG Zecheng, SHI Yizuo, WEN Long, et al. Exploring the potential of oil and gas resources in Sichuan Basin with super basin thinking[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2022, 49(5): 847–858. doi: 10.11698/PED.20220133
[4] 邓虎，贾利春. 四川盆地深井超深井钻井关键技术与展望[J]. 天然气工业， 2022， 42（12）： 82-94. doi： 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2022.12.009 DENG Hu, JIA Lichun. Key technologies for drilling deep and ultra-deep wells in the Sichuan Basin: Current status, challenges and prospects[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2022, 42(12): 82–94. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2022.12.009
[5] 吕开河，王晨烨，雷少飞，等. 裂缝性地层钻井液漏失规律及堵漏对策[J]. 中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）， 2022， 46（2）： 85-93. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.16735005.2022.02.008 LÜ Kaihe, WANG Chenye, LEI Shaofei, et al. Dynamic behavior and mitigation methods for drilling fluid loss in fractured formations[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2022, 46(2): 85–93. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2022.02.008
[6] 熊健，朱梦渊，李文苗，等. 高温作用下不同岩性岩石物理特性的演化规律[J]. 天然气工业， 2023， 43（12）： 14-24. doi： 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2023.12.002 XIONG Jian, ZHU Mengyuan, LI Wenmiao, et al. Evolution law of physical properties of rocks with different lithologies under high temperature[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2023, 43(12): 14–24. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2023.12.002
[7] 郭建春，管晨呈，李骁，等. 四川盆地深层含硫碳酸盐岩储层立体酸压核心理念与关键技术[J]. 天然气工业， 2023， 43（9）： 14-24. doi： 10.3787/j.issn.10000976.2023.09.002 GUO Jianchun, GUAN Chencheng, LI Xiao, et al. Core concept and key technology of three-dimensional acidfracturing technology for deep carbonate reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2023, 43(9): 14–24. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2023.09.002
[8] 陈力力，刘飞，杨建，等. 四川盆地深层超深层碳酸盐岩水平井分段酸压关键技术[J]. 天然气工业， 2022， 42（12）： 56-64. doi： 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2022.12.006 CHEN Lili, LIU Fei, YANG Jian, et al. Horizontal well staged acid fracturing technology for deep and ultra-deep carbonate gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2022, 42(12): 56–64. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2022.12.006
[9] 吴文川，于小荣，王涛，等. 酸压用微膨胀可降解凝胶暂堵剂的研制与应用[J]. 油田化学， 2023， 40（1）： 44-50. doi： 10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.01.008 WU Wenchuan, YU Xiaorong, WANG Tao, et al. Development and application of degradable gel temporary plugging agent with micro-expansion for acid fracturing[J]. Oilfield Chemistry, 2023, 40(1): 44–50. doi: 10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.01.008
[10] 蒲洪江，何兴贵，黄霞. 四川盆地元坝地区陆相储层高破裂压力成因与技术对策[J]. 天然气工业， 2014， 34（7）： 65-70. doi： 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2014.07.011 PU Hongjiang, HE Xinggui, HUANG Xia. Technological strategies for and causes of high fracture pressure of continental reservoirs in the Yuanba Gas Field, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014, 34(7): 65–70. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2014.07.011
[11] 曾凡辉，唐波涛，王涛，等. 考虑渗滤效应的压裂裸眼井破裂压力预测模型[J]. 天然气地球科学， 2019， 30（4）： 549-556. doi： 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.01.010 ZENG Fanhui, TANG Botao, WANG Tao, et al. Prediction model of fracture initiation pressure of open hole well considering penetration effect[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(4): 549–556. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.01.010
[12] 陈伟华，王瀚成，唐波涛，等. 深层高温高压储层酸压改造技术研究与应用[J]. 石油化工应用， 2023， 42（1）： 80-84. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5285.2023.01.017 CHEN Weihua, WANG Hancheng, TANG Botao, et al. Research and application of acid fracturing technology for high temperature and pressure reservoir[J]. Petrochemical Industry Application, 2023, 42(1): 80–84. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5285.2023.01.017
[13] 王尔钧，马磊，曹峰，等. 定向井压裂射孔方位优化及应用研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）， 2023， 45（1）： 117-126. doi： 10.11885/j.issn.16745086.2021.01.28.02 WANG Erjun, MA Lei, CAO Feng, et al. Research on optimization and application of fracturing perforation orientation in directional wells based on minimum initiation pressure[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2023, 45(1): 117–126. doi: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2021.01.28.02
[14] 范勇，赵彦琳，朱哲明，等. 基于井筒-射孔模型的地层破裂压力及起裂角的理论研究[J]. 中南大学学报（自然科学版）， 2019， 50（3）： 669-678. doi： 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2019.03.021 FAN Yong, ZHAO Yanlin, ZHU Zheming, et al. Theoretical study of break down pressures and fracture initiation angles based on model containing wellbore and perforations[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2019, 50(3): 669–678. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2019.03.021
[15] 杨顺辉，余夫，豆宁辉，等. 奥陶系地层压力剖面预测新方法研究[J]. 科学技术与工程， 2014， 14（16）： 32-35. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2014.16.007 YANG Shunhui, YU Fu, DOU Ninghui, et al. New method of studying on formation pressure profile on Ordovician[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2014, 14(16): 32–35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2014.16.007
[16] 邓燕，尹建，郭建春. 水平井多段压裂应力场计算新模型[J]. 岩土力学， 2015， 36（3）： 660-666. doi： 10.16285/j.rsm.2015.03.008 DENG Yan, YIN Jian, GUO Jianchun. A new calculation model for stress field due to horizontal well staged fracturing[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2015, 36(3): 660–666. doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2015.03.008
[17] 苟波，郭建春，余婷. 酸损伤降低岩石破裂压力计算新方法[J]. 中南大学学报（自然科学版）， 2015， 46（1）： 274-281. doi： 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2015.01.037 GOU Bo, GUO Jianchun, YU Ting. New method for calculating rock fracture pressure by acid damage[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2015, 46(1): 274–281. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2015.01.037
[18] 郭建春，曾凡辉，赵金洲. 酸损伤射孔井储集层破裂压力预测模型[J]. 石油勘探与开发， 2011， 38（2）： 221-227. doi： 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.201.02.038 GUO Jianchun, ZENG Fanhui, ZHAO Jinzhou. A model for predicting reservoir fracturing pressure of perforated wells after acid damage[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2011, 38(2): 221–227. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0747.201.02.038
[19] ZHANG Hao, ZHONG Ying, ZHANG Jiang, et al. Experimental research on deterioration of mechanical properties of carbonate rocks under acidified conditions[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2020, 185: 106612. doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106612
[20] KAO Jiawei, JIN Yan, ZHANG Kunpeng, et al. Experimental investigation on the characteristics of acid-etched fractures in acid fracturing by an Improved true tri-axial equipment[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2020, 184: 106471. doi: 10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106471
[21] 邓燕，薛仁江，郭建春. 低渗透储层酸预处理降低破裂压力机理[J]. 西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）， 2011， 33（3）： 125-129. doi： 10.3863/j.issn.16745086.2011.03.021 DENG Yan, XUE Renjiang, GUO Jianchun. The mechanism of high-pressure high-temperature and low permeability acid pretreatment to reduce fracturing pressure[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Seience & Technology Edition), 2011, 33(3): 125–129. doi: 10.3863/j.issn.1674-5086.2011.03.021
[22] 曾凡辉，刘林，郭建春，等. 酸处理降低储层破裂压力机理及现场应用[J]. 油气地质与采收率， 2010， 17（1）： 108-110. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1009-9603.2010.01.033 ZENG Fanhui, LIU Lin, GUO Jianchun, et al. The mechanism and field application of reducing formation fracture pressure by acid treatment[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2010, 17(1): 108–110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-9603.2010.01.033
[23] 国家能源局. 岩样声波特性的实验室测量规范： SY/T 63512012[S]. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2012. National Energy Administration. Specification for measurement of rock acoustic properties in laboratory: SY/T 63512012[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2012.
[24] 李勇明，廖毅，赵金洲，等. 基于双尺度等效渗流模型的复杂碳酸盐岩蚓孔扩展形态研究[J]. 天然气地球科学， 2016， 27（1）： 121-127. doi： 10.11764/j.issn.16721926.2016.01.0121 LI Yongming, LIAO Yi, ZHAO Jinzhou, et al. Wormhole dissolution pattern study in complicated carbonate rock based on two-scale continuum model and equivalent seepage theory[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2016, 27(1): 121–127. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2016.01.0121
[25] 苟波，陈伟华，马辉运，等. 非均质碳酸盐岩裸眼水平井/大斜度井酸压精细分段技术[J]. 钻采工艺， 2020， 43（4）： 61-63. doi： 10.3969/J.ISSN.1006-768X.2020.04.17 GOU Bo, CHEN Weihua, MA Huiyun, et al. Fine segmentation optimization technique for open-hole horizontal & high-angle well in heterogeneous carbonate reservoir[J]. Drilling & Production Technology, 2020, 43(4): 61–63. doi: 10.3969/J.ISSN.1006-768X.2020.04.17
[26] 印兴耀，马妮，马正乾，等. 地应力预测技术的研究现状与进展[J]. 石油物探， 2018， 57（4）： 488-504. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.04.001 YIN Xingyao, MA Ni, MA Zhengqian, et al. Review of insitu stress prediction technology[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2018, 57(4): 488–504. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.04.001
[27] 雷明锋，赵晨阳，曾灿，等. 基于损伤释放能的岩石损伤计算方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报， 2022， 41（S2）： 3210-3218. doi： 10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0065 LEI Mingfeng, ZHAO Chenyang, ZENG Can, et al. Rock damage calculation method based on the damage release energy[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2022, 41(S2): 3210–3218. doi: 10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2022.0065
[28] HOSSAIN M M, RAHMAN M K, RAHMAN S S. Hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation: Roles of wellbore trajectory, perforation and stress regimes[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering, 2000, 27(3): 129– 149. doi: 10.1016/S0920-4105(00)00056-5