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    20 August 1995, Volume 17 Issue 3
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    地质勘探
    Analysis of Early Silurian Sequence Stratigraphy at NW Margin of Yangtze Platform
    Lan Guang-zhi
    1995, 17(3):  1-7.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.001
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    Along with the development of seismic stratigraphy，the sequence stratigraphy was founded in the late 1970's and has become one of the branches of interest in geology today.This paper briefly introduces the significance of sequence stratigraphy and the origin of clas-
    sical sequence stratigraphica( theory，and studies the particularity of sequence stratigraphy of this area under the guidance of the sequence stratigraphical theory，and in combination with
    the characteristics of Early Silurian epicontinental sea ramp at NW margin of Yangtze Plat-form. It further demonstrates that the sequence stratigraphical theory dose not completely
    apply to the sedimentary combination in the epicontinental sea ramp environment and needsto be supplemented and rectfied. This paper also discusses the condensed bed and its oil-gas
    generating significance.
    Gravity Flow Sediments and Their Oil-Gas Bearing characteristics of Daanzhai Member in jinhua Area，Central Sichuan
    Deng Tao
    1995, 17(3):  8-15.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.002
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    Owl the basis of gravity flow theory，two kinds of sediment，grain flow sediment and turbidity current sediment，have been distinquished in the Liptodetrinite limestone of naa"zzhai Member in Jinhua area，Central Sichuan. The sedimentary model is lake-bottom fan of gravity flow. Grain flow sediments. have a much better accumulative property than turbidity current sediments. In this area，the alternative distribution of high and low produc-tivity wells Ties in the fact that high-productivity wells are in netted separate waterways where grain flow sediments are rich while low-productivity wells are on repeated tongues of fan where turbidity current sediments are rich. According to the distribution law of water-ways in fans，favourable regions containing oil and gas can be predicted.
    ProblemsofConvertedP-SV-WavesExPloration
    ZhongBen-shan LiuXue-cai JiangYu-le
    1995, 17(3):  16-27.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.003
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    Four problems about the application of converted A-SV-Waves seismic exploration bare discussed in this paper on the basis of the results of P-SV-Waves survey tests in Jiang-su and Sichuan provinces. First，the conception of dominant converted wave is presented ac-cording to a large amount of AVO curve analysis and its pattern and optimum gathering
    range are determined. Second，the distinguishing of converted wave is discussed in seismic records and profiles. Third，one-step metaod of common conversion point stack procedures at the same time. Finally，the geological significance of converted wave seismic section is discussed.

    AnalysisofMonte-CarloAlgorithm，Simulated AnnealingAlgorithmandGenetieAlgorethm UsedinSeismieDataInversion
    JiangLu-quan
    1995, 17(3):  28-36.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.004
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    Monte一Carlo inversion method does not solve inverse problem by way of equations，but through the inspection of a series of searching points randomly generated in solvable model space. This method has strong antinoise ability, and needs no linearizing assump-tions. Simulated annealing (SA) technique is produced by comparing the optimum problems
    with the thermal balance problens in statistical mechanics，and therefore，is an optimization technique which regards the function erquired to find its extreme value as an energy function of the whole system，and the system state at any time as a point in the model space. The technique has the advantage of avoiding local minimization，but has the drawback of much
    calculation. Genetic algorithm (GA)，a global optimization technique，appeared ten years earlier than SA. GA is in fact a group of operations applied to a model population to produce a new model population that has higher values of average fitness than the antecedent mem-
    bers. The three algorithms mentioned above have been widely used in the solving of geo-physical problems and are a powerful mathematical tool for nonlinear inversion problems.
    Comprehensive Study of Primitive Oil-Bearing Saturability of Sandstone Oil Layers
    Liu Wan-bi Li de-fa Hu Chun-tao
    1995, 17(3):  37-43.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.005
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    Primitive oil一bearing saturability of oil layers is a very important parameter of reservoir appreciation and reserve volume calculation. This paper presents a comprehensive study method，taking into account the factors，such as dry capillary pressure，permeability devo-tion value，permeability一absorption test，minimum throat radius，oil column height，perkmeability ratio curve，logging data interpretation etc. So far this method has been used to
    calculate the primitive oil-bearing saturability of reservoirs in some region.
    Principle of in Turbine Flowmeter and Its Application Interpretation of Log Curve
    Zhao Yan-wen Wu Xi-ling niezai-ping
    1995, 17(3):  44-52.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.006
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    This paper analyzes the working principle and the applicable conditions of turbine flowmeter，and points out that the turbine flowmeter is suitable to the wellhole conditions of single一phase flow and high flow rate. But for those of polyphase flow and low flowrate，the measurement error is relatively great. In order to raise the measurment accuracy，the flow-collection types turbine flowmeter should be used in measurement. This paper also sstudies the proper use of turbine flowmeter in various wellhole conditions，so as to raise the inter-pretation accuracy of log curve.
    Influences of Porosity Error on Electrical Properties of Rotk and Updating Formula as Well as Correction Charts
    Zhang Kai-hong Chen Yi-jian Chen Fu-xuan
    1995, 17(3):  53-60.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.007
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    Error of porosity has a great influence upon water saturation (S,.)and saturation expo-nent u.，may be free from cement factor correction，while it is necessary for those with a poeosity less than 20%to have a water saturation and saturation exponent factor correction. When the error of porosity is greater than士0. 5 p. u.，it is necessary for the samples with a poros-ity less than 15%to have a cement factor correction, and all the samples to make a water saturation and saturation exponent correction.
    Application of Fractional Technology in Studying Non-Homogeneity of Reservoirs
    Lu Guo-xiang
    1995, 17(3):  61-65.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.008
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    Geologic Bodies have complex self-similar construction，and therefore are suitable to be described by fractional demension. Taking as an example the porosity data of reservoir Ma 5. 1 in the middle gas pools in Shan-Gan-Ning Basin，this paper studies the application of the fractional theory in studying non-homogeneity of reservoirs，the result of which is satisfactory.
    油气田开发
    Rock Strength Prediction Model Established by Nerve Network Technique
    Liu Xiang-jun
    1995, 17(3):  66-70.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.009
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    In this paper，models which can be used to predict the rock strength parameters have been established by using the nerve network technique. The nonlinear relation of this model is very complex and is difficult to be expressed by the experimental formula and statistical expression to calculate the rock strength. With the internal- expression of the network known，the logging parameters measured at different time are taken into the network
    trained. Then the corresponding rock strength can be predicted. The calculation shows that the prediction result is quite good. Besides，the middle parameters do not need to be deter-mined. So the nerve network model provides a new way for the determination of the rock me-chanical parameters.
    The Allowable Velocity of Pipe Trip Based on Power Law Fluid
    Tang Lin Wu Hua
    1995, 17(3):  71-75.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.010
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    This paper establishes the equations of the allowable velocity of pipe trip based on power law fluid in different-working conditions，under the condition that the effective bottom hole pressure remains greater than or equal to formation pressure during the pulling of the pipe out of the hole,and that the effective liquid column in the hole in leakage zones remain small-er than fracture pressure during the running of the pipe into the hole.
    The Mechanism of Shear Resistance for Muci Cake
    Zhao Ming Li Yun-juan
    1995, 17(3):  76-84.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.011
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    This paper presents that under the filtration pressure the coherent forces between slay particles in the cake consist of two party; one is the Van der Watt force，another is addition-al Coherent force which is relative to filtration pressure. The macroscopic mud cake proper-ties，such as permeability，porosity，thickness.compressibility and diltration pressure，will affect the coherent forces. As a result，it will affect the shear resistance of a mud cake.
    Research in the Method of Measuring the Relative Permeability curve in ASP Flooding
    Ye Zhong-bin Peng Ke-zong
    1995, 17(3):  85-91.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.012
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    This paper presents the conception of Darcy viscosity after the measurement of the rheo-logical property of ASP fluid flowing through porous medium and studies its relationship with the residual resistance factor (Fir3. The problem of how to determine the water phase visicosity in measuring the relative permeability curve of ASP/oil system has been trans-ferred to the study of the relationship betwwee^ Darcy viscosity and Frr as well as the appar-ent viscosity. The experimental results show that the idea advanced in this paper is an effec-tive method to measure the relative permeability curve in ASP flooding.

    Study on Intermittent Oil Pumping Design of Low Pressure Oil Wells
    Xiong You-ming
    1995, 17(3):  92-96.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.013
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    According to the characteristics of low pressure oil wells，using the law of material bal-ante in wellbore and the regular p&ttern of inflow performance relationship，this paper has developed the mathematical models for calculating the pumping time and pausing .time of in-termittent rod pumping wells. With wellbore diameter and pumping parameters given，
    through the solution of the mathematical models，we can calculate the optimum pumping time and pausing time of this kind of wells. At the same time，we can use the models to se-lect the optimum pumping parameters and the pump setting dept卜.This method provides sci-entific bases for the management of low pressure rod pumping wells.
    Damage Is an Important Factor of nfluencfng Rock Strength
    Jiao Peilin Dong Shi-er Chen ji-ming
    1995, 17(3):  97-100.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.014
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    This paper elaborates tl5e influence of damage upon rock strength，presents the raechan-ical reflection of damage to rock breaking process ,and determines the relationship between pressure transmitting factor，shearing transmitting factor and damage factor.

    Analysis of Computer S如ulation of Three一DimensionLoads Acting on Casing
    Lian Zhang-hua Zhao Guo-zheng Zhang Xian-pu Li Bin
    1995, 17(3):  101-108.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.015
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    This paper establishes the 3-D finite element mechanical models and mathematical models about casing deformation，and develops the simulating software of 3-D casing defor-mation, providing the simple and direct method of analyzing casing collapse caused by the underground complex mechanical system. Under non一uniform distribution loads，the simu-lated results of 3-D casing model are consistent with those of 2-D problem of reference(1). In this case. the 2-D problem is only a special example of 3-D problem of casing.This paper makes the simulation analyses about casing under bending，torque,and inside and outside pressures，and provides a significant theoretical guidance for studying the deforma-tion process of casing under complex mechanical system.
    study of Doewnhole Pressure Unit Construction
    Wang De-yu
    1995, 17(3):  109-113.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.016
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    Downhole pressure unit is a key equipment in the application of extra-high fluid stream to oil drilling. This paper gives a general introduction of its development at present，presents the construction of a kind of downhole pressure unit and explains its working principle. This kind of downhole pressure unit has some characteristics，such as simple design，accurate ex-
    change of direction and reliability,etc.

    石油机械工程
    Method of Determining Circulation Floes，date in Conventional Well Killing
    Long Zi-hui
    1995, 17(3):  114-118.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.017
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    Basing on the analysis of circulation process，this paper derives the basic relation suffi-cient for conventional well kiling，and suggests，according to this relation，that the practical circulation flow rate should be the greatest of the allowances. The paper also presents the calculating method and the example of practical circulation flow rate，and the inspecting method of annulus safety during the gas discharge.

    化学工程
    Application of Chemicals in Induced Gas Floatation
    Yang Xu Su Shong-tao
    1995, 17(3):  119-122.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.018
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    In induced gas floatation，the factors that influence oil removal efficiency are oil droplet size，bubble size and the chemical properties of the oil-drop surface. The surfactants,poly-mers and inorganic coagulant can be added to reduce the bubble size and the electric potential of the oil-drop surface，and to increase the oil droplet size，thus improving the oil removal efficiency.
    A Study of Cationia PolymerⅡ Cationic Degree Measurement of Cationic Polymer Containing Cationic Nitrogenium Pedent Groups
    Tang Shu-zhong Miao Ying Yan Bang-min Xu Dong
    1995, 17(3):  123-126.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.019
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    The relative curve between the content of nitronium ions and the light density is mea-sured by means of model 721 chromophotomer, with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as a standard sample，bromophenolblue as an indicator and trichloromethame as a solvent. Under the same condition，the cationic degree of cationic polymer is obtained by comparing the standard curve with those of light density of cationic polymer containing cationic nitrogenium pendent groups.

    Determination of Volatile Phenols of Low一Density in Water by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometter
    Rao Xiao-tong Chen Ji Feng Ying
    1995, 17(3):  127-130.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.020
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    In proper conditions，the determination of volatile phenols of low-density in water by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer direct colorimetric method can avoid overelabo-rate extraction procedure，save the time in analysis and the analytical reagents and improve the analytical sensitivity and precision.
    基础研究
    A Convenient Method of Solving Linear Inequalities
    Zhang Jian-jun Wang Xun Zhang Chuan-yong
    1995, 17(3):  131-135.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.021
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    In this paper，a convenient method is presented for solving system of linear inequalities and a sufficient and necessary condition is proposed to judge that the system has no solution.Numerical examples show the efficiency of the given method.
    Reliability Analysis of a Rotating Disk
    Cao Qi-rong Meng Jin-xian
    1995, 17(3):  136-140.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.022
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    This Paper analyzes the mechanical characteristics of a rotating disk when its geometric shape is a random quantity，and derives the computational expression of the random stress field and reliability of the disk by second一order perturbation method. Simple conputational examples are used to analyze the law that the geometry of the disk affects its reliability, and
    the results of the examples，compared with Monte Carlo simulation results，show that the method in this paper is effective and the theory is right.
    Development of Stabilized Voltage Supply of High Stability (GWE一1 Type)
    Zheng Tian-pu
    1995, 17(3):  141-142.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.1995.03.023
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    This paper briefly introduces the design principle of GWE-1 stabilized voltage supply and the developed prototype. An electrometer using this power can save several thousand yuan than the one using dry battery. So this power deserves to be popularized.