大理大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (10): 88-93.

• 临床医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵阳市云岩区711例出生缺陷婴儿监测结果分析

何江艳,郑 丹,黎 梅,王 芳,邹 严,张泰魏,周意园*   

  1. (1.贵州中医药大学研究生院,贵阳 550025;2.贵阳市妇幼保健院产科,贵阳 550003;3.贵阳市第二人民医院产科,贵阳 550023;4.贵州中医药大学第一附属医院产科,贵阳 550001)

  • 收稿日期:2021-11-30 修回日期:2022-04-02 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 周意园,主任医师,E-mail:gyzyyfyzyy@sina.com。
  • 作者简介:何江艳,硕士研究生,主要从事中医药诊治妊娠期疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点研发计划专项项目(2016YFC1000100);国家自然科学基金项目(82060881);贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同〔2019〕9-2-41号)

Analysis of Monitoring Results of 711 Infants with Birth Defects in Yunyan District of Guiyang City

He Jiangyan, Zheng Dan, Li Mei, Wang Fang, Zou Yan, Zhang Taiwei, Zhou Yiyuan*   

  1. (1. College of Postgraduate, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China; 2. Department of Obstetrics, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guiyang 550003, China; 3. Department of Obstetrics, The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang 550023, China; 4. Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, China)

  • Received:2021-11-30 Revised:2022-04-02 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-11-15

摘要:

[摘要] 目的:分析贵阳市云岩区2017—2019年出生缺陷的发生情况,剖析相关影响因素,为政府部门开展出生缺陷防治工作提供依据。方法:以《中国出生缺陷医院监测方案》为标准,以医院为统计单位,对2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日在贵阳市云岩区助产机构中娩出孕满20周至产后7 d内的出生缺陷儿进行监测。结果:2017—2019年共监测到22 693例胎婴儿,其中出生缺陷儿711例,出生缺陷发生率为313.31‱,不同年份间出生缺陷发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。女婴出生缺陷总发生率为137.49‱,男婴出生缺陷总发生率为175.83‱,男婴发生率显著高于女婴,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3年间的缺陷类型顺位前5名为先天性心脏病(84.17‱)、外耳畸形(47.15‱)、多指(趾)(25.56‱)、唇腭裂(23.80‱)、唐氏综合征(14.10‱),其中先天性心脏病发生率逐年上升(P<0.05)。出生缺陷的主要诊断依据为临床诊断和超声诊断,诊断时间以出生后7 d内比例最高,达59.77%。缺陷儿总活产率较高,为77.22%。结论:2017—2019年贵阳市云岩区出生缺陷发生率总体呈先上升再下降趋势,其中先天性心脏病、外耳畸形为缺陷的高发类型。因此,迫切需要强化贵阳市妇幼健康服务,加强产前筛检和监测,提高出生缺陷的检出率,以便评价出生人口状况和更好地制定提高人口素质的解决方案。

关键词:

"> font-size:10.5pt, ">出生缺陷, 监测, 发生率

Abstract:

〔Abstract〕 Objective: To analyze the occurrence of birth defects in Yunyan district of Guiyang city from 2017 to 2019 and analyze the relevant influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for government departments to carry out the prevention and control of birth defects. Methods: Based on the "China Birth Defect Hospital Monitoring Program" as the standard and the hospital as the statistical unit, the 20-week of gestation to 7 days after delivery from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 in midwifery institutions in Yunyan district, Guiyang city birth defects were monitored. Results: A total of 22 693 fetuses were monitored from 2017 to 2019, among which 711 were born with birth defects, and the incidence rate of birth defects was 313.31‱. There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of birth defects between different years(P>0.05). The total incidence rate of birth defects in female infants was 137.49‱, and the total incidence rate of birth defects in male infants was 175.83‱. The incidence rate of male infants was significantly higher than that of female infants, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The top 5 defect types in 3 years were congenital heart disease (84.17‱), external ear deformity (47.15‱), polydactyly (toe) (25.56‱), cleft lip and palate (23.80‱), Down syndrome (14.10‱), in which the incidence of congenital heart disease increased year by year(P<0.05). Birth defects were mainly diagnosed based on clinical diagnosis and ultrasound diagnosis, and the diagnosis time was the highest within 7 days after birth, reaching 59.77%. The total live birth rate of defective infants was 77.22%. Conclusion: From 2017 to 2019, the incidence rate of birth defects in Yunyan district of Guiyang city generally showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, among which congenital heart disease and external ear deformity were the most common types of defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the maternal and child health services in Guiyang city, strengthen prenatal screening and monitoring, and increase the detection rate of birth defects in order to evaluate the status of the birth population and better formulate solutions to improve the quality of the population.

Key words:

"> font-size:10.5pt, ">birth defects, monitoring, incidence rate

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