大理大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (10): 90-94.

• 预防医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省2000—2020年狂犬病流行病学特征分析

章域震   

  1. (云南省地方病防治所,云南大理 671000)

  • 收稿日期:2022-09-07 修回日期:2022-12-16 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-10-26
  • 作者简介:章域震,副主任技师,主要从事病毒流行病学研究。

Epidemiological Characteristics of Rabies in Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2020

Zhang Yuzhen   

  1. (Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China)

  • Received:2022-09-07 Revised:2022-12-16 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-10-26

摘要:

目的:分析云南省2000—2020年狂犬病流行病学分布特征。方法:收集云南省狂犬病疫情资料和数据。根据历史疫情资料,将云南省分为东部疫区和西部疫区;又按北回归线将云南省分为北部疫区和南部疫区。采用描述流行病学方法比较分析各疫区和各地州在2000—2020年狂犬病流行波中呈现出的流行病学分布特征。结果:2000—2020年,云南省共报告996例人间狂犬病病例,波及所有16个地州80.62%(104/129)的县(区)。病例数总体呈东高西低,东西部疫区又各自呈南高北低的分布特征;东西部疫区病例数之比为3.79∶1,南北部疫区病例数之比为1.34∶1。东部疫区年平均发病率(0.14/10万)高于西部疫区(0.06/10万),南部疫区年平均发病率(0.17/10万)高于北部疫区(0.07/10万)。年平均发病率较高地州集中在南部疫区,依次为西双版纳傣族自治州(0.28/10万)、文山壮族苗族自治州(0.28/10万)和红河哈尼族彝族自治州(0.22/10万)。结论:中国、老挝、越南交界的边境地区应考虑为云南省狂犬病监测、防控和研究的重点地区。

关键词:

狂犬病, 人间病例, 云南省, 流行病学特征, 年平均发病率

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2020. Methods: The rabies epidemic data of Yunnan Province were collected. Based on the historical epidemic data, Yunnan Province was divided into the eastern epidemic areas(EEA) and the western epidemic areas(WEA). According to the Tropic of Cancer, Yunnan Province was divided into the northern epidemic areas (NEA) and the southern epidemic areas (SEA). Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to compare and analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics of each epidemic area and prefecture during the wave of rabies epidemic from 2000 to 2020. Results: From 2000 to 2020, a total of 996 human rabies cases were reported in Yunnan Province, affecting 80.62% (104/129) counties (districts) in all 16 prefectures. The number of cases was generally higher in EEA and lower in WEA, while EEA and WEA showed the distribution characteristics of higher in the south and lower in the north, respectively. The ratio of cases in EEA and WEA was 3.79∶1, and that in SEA and NEA was 1.34∶1. The average annual incidence in EEA(0.14/100 000) was higher than that in WEA(0.06/100 000), and the average annual incidence in SEA (0.17/100 000) was higher than that in NEA(0.07/100 000). The prefectures with higher average annual incidences were concentrated in SEA, namely Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture(0.28/100 000), Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (0.28/100 000) and Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture(0.22/100 000). Conclusion: The border area where China, Laos and Vietnam meet should be considered as the key areas for rabies surveillance, prevention, and research in Yunnan Province. 

Key words:

rabies, human cases, Yunnan Province, epidemiological characteristics, average annual incidence

中图分类号: