关键词: 道统, 知识分子, 义理

Abstract:           Mid-Qing dynastyis a summary stage of Chinese ancient culture. During this period,scholars, intellectuals, and their works  showed characteristics different from the past. The peak of monarchical tyranny in the Qing Dynasty inevitably impacted on the  intellectuals' attitudes towards knowledge. Besides, the campaign of practical knowledge in Ming and Qing Dynasties profoundly  affected the scholars as well. At that time, thinkers faded out and reached their low ebb in history, whereas the scholars were on the rise  and reached their peak. Qian-Jia School which had a period of prime must had been extraordinary, but its complete and sudden
collapse should cause deep reflection among intelligentsia.

Key words: Confucian orthodoxy, intelligentsia, doctrine