Major public health emergencies pose severe challenges to the health and lives of people worldwide, while also causing significant disruptions to daily production and life. These threats and inconveniences directly affect people′s mental states, giving rise to a series of negative emotional responses such as anxiety, unease, and fear. Music plays a crucial role in regulating emotions, soothing the soul, and cultivating moral virtues. Consequently, musical works created to address major public health emergencies have emerged in a timely manner, subtly influencing social activities and social moral construction. From the perspective of the sociology of music, a detailed analysis of the motivations, applications, and impacts of these musical phenomena reveals that such music can inspire social care, empower moral construction, and provide powerful moral strength in responding to major public health emergencies.