Abstract: Human resource management has an irreplaceable importance in petroleum enterprises.Only what role of the department of human resource management should play in the oil enterprise is clearly defined can human resource management personnel better carry out their duties and better serve for the fulfillment of the target of the enterprise.With the rapid development of the society，the existing human resource management is faced with various challenges，and the department of human resource management must reposition their role，from the traditional role of administration into the strategic partner of the petroleum enterprise，in order to provide the human support for the organization to maintain its vitality and strong competitiveness.

Key words: human resource, department of human resource management, petroleum enterprise, incentive compensation, strategic partner