Abstract: In the Communist Manifesto,Marx and Engels put the issue of interests in the basic framework of historical materialism and criticized the bourgeoisie's concept of interests in an all-round way. The bourgeoisie's pursuit of interests is embodied in the desire for capital appreciation. Such desire drives the bourgeoisie into a state of alienation and intensifies interest conflicts between the two opposing classes. Bourgeois ideologues try to disguise the interest conflicts through discourse approaches. It is pointed out in the Communist Manifesto that the fundamental development of the proletariat can be realized only through the comprehensive development of the proletariat under the leadership of the Communist Party. The thoughts on interest in the Communist Manifesto reveals that in the governance of China we must satisfy the fundamental interests of the mass of people, develop the productive forces with the Party playing the leading role, and properly handle the social interest conflicts through interest analysis, and then gradually cultivate correct concept of interests in citizens.

Key words: the Communist Manifesto, the thoughts on interest, interest conflict, human development, correct concept of interests