川中须家河组五段河道砂体地震沉积学刻画

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.03.12.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

摘要：四川盆地川中地区须家河组河流—三角洲沉积体系发育，该体系内河道砂体逐渐成为岩性勘探的热点。利用地震沉积学方法对须五段河道进行精细刻画，重点通过地震地貌分析识别出河道带、主河道、分流河道、废弃河道等地貌单元。主河道和分流河道差异明显，主河道贯穿工区南北，宽度可达1.1 km，长度可达数十千米，具有形态完整、轮廓清晰、连续性强的特征；分流河道规模小，因后期改造具有断续分布特征，宽度一般小于100 m，延伸一般小于5.0 km。河道侧积和加积作用形成的各种砂坝是须五段骨架砂体，叠置砂坝厚度可大于30.0 m，宽度可大于5.0 km，是岩性勘探的理想对象。河道砂体的识别可为陆相薄层砂体的岩性勘探提供方法和依据。

关键词: 四川盆地, 地震沉积, 地震地貌学, 须家河组, 河道带

Abstract:

In fluvial-delta depositional environment，the main reservoir is thin bed channel sandstone which is very important in China′s onshore lithological reservoirs. In this study，the channel geomorphology of the 5th interval of Xujiahe Formation （T3x5）has been mapped using seismic sedimentology. The result shows that channel geomorphology of T3x5 is similar with modern channel belts in channel-flood plains. By seismic geomorphology technology，channel belts，main channels，distributary channels and abandoned channels can be distinguished in striatal slices. Main channels which have very clear morphology are characterized by width <1.1 km and length on the order of tens of kilometers. Distributary channels or abandoned channels with blurred morphology are characterized by width <100.0 m and length <5.0 km. Main channels are relatively immobile，so they are easy to preserve after deposition. In contrast，distributary channels which are apt to cause avulsions are vulnerable to rework by erosion. In channel belts，superimposed channel bars are favorable lithological reservoirs，which is characterized by width up to 5 km and thickness up to 37 m. This study shows that seismic sedimentology is a useful approach to map thin bed sandstone in the lithological reservoirs.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, seismic sedimentology, seismic geomorphology, Xujiahe Formation, channel belt

周川闽1，2，宋丽红3，刘庆松4，罗忠1，2，高志勇1，2. 川中须家河组五段河道砂体地震沉积学刻画[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.03.12.03.

Zhou Chuanmin1，2, Song Lihong3, Liu Qingsong4, Luo Zhong1，2, Gao Zhiyong1，2. Seismic Geomorphology of Channel Belts of the 5th Interval，Xujiahe Formation，Upper Triassic in Central Sichuan Basin，China[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.03.12.03.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2014.03.12.03

http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/Y2014/V36/I4/1

参考文献

[1] Dahm C G，Graebner R J. Field development with threedimensional
seismic methods in the gulf of Thailand—A
case history[J]. Geophysics，1982，47（2）：149–176.
[2] Zeng Hongliu，Backus M M，Barrow K T，et al. Stratal
slicing，part I：Realistic 3-D seismic model[J]. Geophysics，
1998，63（2）：502–513.
[3] Zeng Hongliu，Henry S C，Riola J P. Stratal slicing，
part II：Real seismic data[J]. Geophysics，1998，63（2）：
514–522.
[4] Posamentier H W. Seismic geomorphology and depositional
systems of deep water environments，observations
from offshore Nigeria，Gulf of Mexico，and Indonesia[C].
Florence，Italy：EAGE 64th Conference & Exhibition，
2002.
[5] Zeng Hongliu，Hentz T F． High-frequency sequence
stratigraphy from seismic sedimentology：Applied to
Miocene，Vermilion Block 50，Tiger Shoal Area，offshore
Louisiana[J]. AAPG Bulletin，2004，88（2）：153–174.
[6] 罗启后，王世谦. 四川盆地中西部三叠系重点含气层系
天然气富集条件研究[J]. 天然气工业，1996，16（S1）：
40–54.
[7] 刘德良，宋岩，薛爱民，等. 四川盆地构造与天然气聚
集区带综合研究[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社，2000.
[8] 蒋裕强，陶艳忠，沈妍斐，等. 对大川中地区上三叠统
须家河组二、四、六段砂岩沉积相的再认识[J]. 天然气
工业，2011，31（9）：39–50.
Jiang Yuqiang，Tao Yanzhong，Shen Yanfei，et al. A new
understanding of sedimentary facies of sandstones in the
members of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the
large-scale Middle Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry，
2011，31（9）：39–50.
[9] 徐昉昊，袁海锋，黄素，等. 川中地区须家河组致密砂
岩气成藏机理[J]. 成都理工大学学报：自然科学版，
2012，39（2）：158–163.
Xu Fanghao，Yuan Haifeng，Huang Su，et al. Accumulation
mechanism of the compacted sandstone gas in Xujiahe
Formation of central Sichuan in China[J]. Journal of
Chengdu University of Technology：Science & Technology
Edition，2012，39（2）：158–163.
[10] 宋丽红，朱如凯，朱德升，等. 粘土矿物对广安须家河
组致密砂岩物性影响[J]. 西南石油大学学报：自然科
学版，2011，33（2）：73–78.
Song Lihong，Zhu Rukai，Zhu Desheng，et al. Influences
of clay minerals on physical properties of tight sandstones
of Xujiahe formation in Guang′an Area[J]. Journal of
Southwest Petroleum University：Science & Technology
Edition，2011，33（2）：73–78.
[11] 段新国，李爽，宋荣彩，等. 四川盆地须二段储层孔隙
演化定量描述[J]. 西南石油大学学报：自然科学版，
2011，33（2）：35–42.
Duan Xinguo，Li Shuang，Song Rongcai，et al. Quantitative
description of pore evolution of the Second Formation
of Xujiahe reservoir in Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of
Southwest Petroleum University：Science & Technology
Edition，2011，33（2）：35–42.
[12] 徐安娜，汪泽成，赵文智，等. 四川盆地须家河组二段
储集体非均质性特征及其成因[J]. 天然气工业，2011，
31（11）：53–58.
Xu Anna，Wang Zecheng，Zhao Wenzhi，et al. Features
and genesis of reservoir heterogeneity in the second member
of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation，Sichuan
Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry，2011，31（11）：53–58.
[13] 兰朝利，田冷，王建国，等. 广安气田气水分布控制机
理[J]. 西安石油大学学报：自然科学版，2013，28（5）：
1–7.
Lan Zhaoli，Tian Leng，Wang Jianguo，et al. Water distribution
mechanism of Guang′an Gas Field[J]. Journal of
Xi′an Shiyou University：Natural Science Edition，2013，
28（5）：1–7.
[14] 徐兆辉，汪泽成，徐安娜，等. 四川盆地须家河组致密
砂岩储集层特征与分级评价[J]. 新疆石油地质，2011，
32（1）：26–28.
Xu Zhaohui，Wang Zecheng，Xu Anna，et al. Characteristics
and grade evaluation of tight sandstone reservoirs
of Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Xinjiang
Petroleum Geology，2011，32（1）：26–28.
[15] 赵文智，卞从胜，徐春春，等. 四川盆地须家河组须一、
三和五段天然气源内成藏潜力与有利区评价[J]. 石油
勘探与开发，2011，38（4）：385–393.
Zhao Wenzhi，Bian Congsheng，Xu Chunchun，et al.
Assessment on gas accumulation potential and favorable
plays within the Xu-1，3 and 5 Members of Xujiahe Formation
in Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and
Development，2011，38（4）：385–393.
[16] 赵正望，谢继容，李楠，等. 四川盆地须家河组一、
三、五段天然气勘探潜力分析[J]. 天然气工业，2013，
33（6）：23–28.
Zhao Zhengwang，Xie Jirong，Li Nan，et al. Gas exploration
potential of the 1st，3rd，and 5th members of Xujiahe
Formation reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas
Industry，2013，33（6）：23–28.
[17] 车国琼，龚昌明，汪楠，等. 广安地区须家河组气藏成
藏条件[J]. 天然气工业，2007，27（6）：1–5.
Che Guoqiong，Gong Changming，Wang Nan，et al. Gas
accumulation condition in the Xujiahe Group of Guang′an
Area[J]. Nature Gas Industry，2007，27（6）：1–5.
[18] 翟光明. 中国石油地质志：卷十[M]. 北京：石油工业出
版社，1989.
[19] 汪泽成，李宗银，李志荣，等. 川中地区须家河组构
造变形成因探讨及其勘探意[J]. 天然气工业，2012，
32（4）：13–18.
Wang Zecheng，Li Zongyin，Li Zhirong，et al. Genesis
of structural deformation of the Xujiahe Formation in the
central Sichuan Basin and its significance to petroleum exploration[
J]. Natural Gas Industry，2012，32（4）：13–18.
[20] 刘柳红，朱如凯，罗平，等. 川中地区须五段—须六
段浅水三角洲沉积特征与模式[J]. 现代地质，2009，
23（4）：667–675.
Liu Liuhong，Zhu Rukai，Luo ping，et al. Characteristic
sand depositional models for the Shallow-water deltas
of the 5th–6th interval，Xujiahe Formation，upper Triassic
in central Sichuan Basin，China[J]. Geoscience，2009，
23（4）：667–675.
[21] 柯光明，郑荣才，高红灿，等. 四川盆地须家河组高分
辨率层序–岩相古地理特征[J]. 成都理工大学学报：自
然科学版，2008，35（6）：630–638.
Ke Guangming，Zheng Rongcai，Gao Hongcan，et al.
High-resolution sequence stratigraphy and the lithofaciespaleogeographic
characteristics of upper Triassic Xujiahe
Formation in Sichuan Basin，China[J]. Journal of Cheng
du University of Technology：Science & Technology Edition，
2008，35（6）：630–638.
[22] 郑荣才，戴朝成，朱如凯，等. 四川类前陆盆地须家河
组层序–岩相古地理特征[J]. 地质论评，2009，55（4）：
484–495.
Zheng Rongcai，Dai Chaocheng，Zhu Rukai，et al.
Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeographic characteristics
of upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan
Basin[J]. Geological Review，2009，55（4）：484–495.
[23] Zeng Hongliu. Facies-guided 3-D seismic modeling
and reservoir characterization[D]. Austin：University of
Texas，1994，164.
[24] Posamentier H W，Dorn G A，Cole M J，et al. Imaging
elements of depositional systems with 3–D seismic data：
A case study[C]. Gulf Coast Section SEPM Foundation，
17th Annual Research Conference，1996，213– 228.
[25] Zeng Hongliu. Stratal slice：Meaning and scope of application（
abs）[C]. The 2nd Symposium on Petroleum Seismogeology
Abstracts，2013，9–10.
[26] Bridge J S，Mackey S D. A theoretical study of fluvial
sandstone body dimensions[J]. Sediment Speical Publication，
1993，15：213–236.
[27] Smith N D，Cross T A，Dufficy J P，et al. Anatomy of an
avulsion[J]. Sedimentology，1989，36：1–23.
[28] Farrell K M. Geomorphology，facies architecture，
and high-resolution， non-marine sequence stratigraphy
in avulsion deposits， Cumberland Marshes，
Saskatchewan[J]. Sedimentary Geology，2001，139：
93–150.
[29] Makaske B. Smith D G，Berendsen H J A. Avulsions，
channel evolution and floodplain sedimentation
rates of the anastomosing upper Columbia River，
British Columbia，Canada[J]. Sedimentology，2002，49：
1049–1071.
[30] Allen J R L. A review of the origin and characteristics
of recent alluvial sediments[J]. Sedimentology，1965，5：
89–191.
[31] Bridge J S，Tye R S. Interpreting the dimensions of ancient
fluvial channel bars，channels，and channel belts
from wireline-Logs and cores[J]. AAPG Bulletin，2000，
84（8）：1205–1228.
[32] Bridge J S. Fluvial facies models：recent develpmments[
J]. SEPM Special Publication，2006，84：85–170.
[33] Lunt I A，Bridge J S，Tyea R S. A quantitative，threedimensional
depositional model of gravelly braided rivers[
J]. Sedimentology，2004，51：377–414.