西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2000, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 66-69.DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2000.01.018

• 油气化学工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚丙烯酰胺的高温水解作用及其选型研究

孔柏岭

  

  1. 河南石油勘探开发研究院,河南 南阳 473132
  • 收稿日期:1999-04-16 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2000-02-20 发布日期:2000-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 孔柏岭

STUDY ON THE HYDROLYSIS OF POLYACRYLAMIDE AT HIGH TEMPERATURE AND ITS SELECTION

KONG Bailing
  

  1. The Research Institute of Exploration and Exploitation, Henan Oilfield
  • Received:1999-04-16 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2000-02-20 Published:2000-02-20
  • Contact: KONG Bailing

摘要: 部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)在高温条件下的水解作用被认为是HPAM化学降解的主要机理,是选用HPAM时必须要考虑的因素。使用淀粉—碘化镉方法测量了75℃条件下不同老化时间HPAM在清水和污水(油田产出水)中的水解度值,研究了2种不同水解度的HPAM在清水和污水中的水解规律,得出了HPAM的水解度和老化时间之间的关系式。根据这些关系式可以预测任一老化时间的HPAM的水解度值。在清水中,HPAM的水解速度为常数,水解机理介于自加速和自阻滞水解机理之间;在污水中,水解速度随老化时间的增加而下降,呈现出典型的自阻滞水解反应机理。HPAM在污水中的水解速度大于清水,除油藏温度外,配制水的PH值是决定HPAM水解速度和水解机理的关键因素。低水解度HPAM溶液的老化过程是一个粘度增加的过程,HPAM的水解度越低,粘度增加幅度越大,高水解度HPAM溶液的老化过程则是粘度下降过程。因此选用低水解度的HPAM可以提高HPAM溶液的长期热稳定性,把高温水解这一不利因素转化为有利因素。

关键词: 部分水解, 粘度, 降解, 稳定性

Abstract: The hydrolysis of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) at elevated temperatureis regarded as the primary mechanism of its chemical degradation and the essential factor when selecting it. The starch-cadmium iodide method is used to determine the hydrolysis degree of HPAM in fresh water and
oilfield produced water during aging time at 75℃.The equations between hydrolysis degree of HPAM and aging time are established, which can be used to predict the values of hydrolysis degree at any aging time. In fresh water (PH=8.0),the hydrolysis rate is a constant, the mechanism of hydrolysis is between the autoaccelerated and autoretarded kinetics. In oilfield pro-
duced water (PH=9.1), hydrolysis rate is decreased with aging time, the mechanism of hydrolysis obeys an autoretarded kinetics. The hydrolysis of HPAM is more rapid in oilfield provduced water than in fresh water. The hydrolysis rate and mechanism depends mainly on the PH of HPAM solutions and the temperature of reservoir. The aging of low hydrolysis degree
HPAM solutions is a process of increasing viscosity and that of high hydrolysis degree HPAM solutions is a process of decreasing viscosity. The long-term thermal stability of HPAM solution would be improved by selecting the low hydrolysis degree HPAM.

Key words: partial hydrolysis, viscosity, degradation, stability

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