This paper tested the adsorbed amount of SDBS and HPAM onto kaolinite surface, obtained the uptake amount versus the concentration of one component under definite concentration of another component, and analyzed the adsorption mechanism on the basis of mutual interaction among polymer, surfactant, solvent and clay. It is a prevailing factor determining the uptake that polyvalent cations caused by the solution and exchange of clay distribute among surfactant, polymer, polymer-micell complex and clay. Besides salt effect，competition adsorption，macromolecule viscosity etc. are important parameters.The uptake amount of SDBS onto Na-kaolinite fits in with Langmuir-Model，and in the mixed system，the adsorbed amounto of HPAM tends to zero when the concentration of SDBS exceeds CMC value.